| Primary carcinoma of the liver is a common malignant tumor in China, whose death rate ranks high as the third in the malignant tumors of the digestive systems, only lower to gastric cancer and esophageal cancer. As to the late state of liver cancer that can not be operated. It is necessary to look for effective drug therapy to improve prognosis. Up to date, most drugs are celltoxical ones, which have large toxicity. It is difficult for human body to sustain these drugs.Soybean isoflavones are the important non-nutritious ingredients in soybeans. They mainly contains of genistin and daidzin, which exist in glucoside-combined forms. If soybeans undergo the processing, microorganism's fermenting or hydrolysising in vitro, the glucoside parts will be seperated from genistin and daidzin, then releasing genistein and daidzein in free forms. The two isoflavones can be absorbed effectively by the intestine. Studies indicated that soybean isoflavones have anticancer activity, are a kind of potential chemopreventive agent. There are broad developing and applying prospects. Recently, experiments about their anticancer activity are mainly center on genistein. Studies also indicated that genistein exsists not only in soybeans but also in many kinds of plants such as vegetables and fruits.As a potential anticancer agent, the actional mechanisms of genistein mainly includes as follows:First, genistein can depress the activity of protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) and transduction pathways for the phosphorylation of receptors and mitosis signal. So genistein can lead to cells' proliferation depressed. Second, genistein has minimal effects of phytoestrogens. It can be combined with estrogen receptor (ER) and improve the synthesis of cellular sex hormone binding glulobin, and improve the activity of UDP-glucuronyl transferase. Through these pathways, it can inhibit the cell activity of breast cancer and prostate cancer. Third, it can inhibit DNA topoisomeraseâ… and â…¡ activity, so to inhibit cell activity. Fourth, it can upregulate the expression of cycle dependent kinase (Cdk) inhibitor P21WAF1/CIP1. Genistein can inhibit the action of Insulin Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1), Hepatic Growth Factor (HGF) and Nerve Growth Factor (NGF). So to depress the growth of tumors. Another one is that genistein has antioxidative activity, inhibit heat shock protein, a induce cell apoptosis, inhibit newborn vessel and inhibit multiple resisting protein et al.Up to now, there are many studies about genistein's anticancer activity expriments. Genistein can inhibit many kinds of human tumor cells such as cells of colon cancer, prostate cancer and ovary cancer in vitro. Genistein can induce G2-M phase arrest. It can also induce differentiation of ovary cells and promote apoptosis. And in vivo, genistein can inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells and the formation of new born blood vessels, inhibit tumor's growth and metastasis. It can reduce the carcinogenic action in differentiational galactophore cancer cells. And genistein can prolong the living time of SCID mouse who is planted human galactophore cancer cells. It displays good treatment of tumor's growth and metastasis. But few studies have addressed on genistein in proliferation and apoptosis of SMMC-7721 cells. Hence, we set about our research from genistein through experiments in vitro. The effects of genistein on the proliferation and apoptosis in SMMC-7721 cells were investigated.Objective: To investigate the effects of genistein on the proliferation and apoptosis in SMMC-7721 cells.Methods: SMMC-7721 cells were cultured in vitro. MTT assay and colony-forming test were given to determin the cell growth. The cell cycle was studied by flow cytometry. Transmission electron microscope and TUNEL staining were given to qualitively and quantitatively detect the apoptosis status of hepatoma cell line SMMC-7721 before and after the genistein treatment. Immunohistochemical method was given to detect the expression of apoptosis-regulated gene bcl-2 and bax.Results: â‘ The effect...
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