| Objective: To investigate the pathologic, apoptotic, functional, 131I uptake and effective half-life changes in normal thyroids of inbred rats treated with different dose radioiodine and to give reference to radioiodine therapy for the nontoxic goiter and hyperthyroidism.Methods: Thirty-five inbred rats were divided into seven groups according to the different radioiodine dose (30μCi,60μCi,70μCi,80μCi,90μCi,100μCi,170μCi) for per gram thyroid. The 131I uptakes and effective half-lives were measured after 0.1μCi radioiodine was given to the rats, this procedure was repeated after radioiodine treatment. Serum T3, T4, TSH and weight were measured after treating with radioiodine one, three and six months respectively. The thyroids were taken down to pathology and immunohistochemistry examination and calculate the cell number per HP(×400). Results: The cell numbers rise with 131I dose per gram and delay of the time, and the same thing was found in Bcl-2 immunohistochemistry examination. When per gram 131I dose is less than 60μCi, the normal thyroid function is obtained. The more 131I dose, the earlier hypothyroid happened, TSH correlate well with 131I dose in hypothyroid rats. Hypothyroid will still probably happen six months after radioiodine treatment. When hypothyroid happen, the weight had increased significantly.Conclusion: The more 131I dose, the more serious the thyroid was damaged. Even six months after radioiodine treatment, the quantity of Bcl-2 was still different. The larger 131I dose is the direct reason of earlier hypothyroid namely the larger 131I dose and longer the time, the more probability hypothyroid happened, but in the proper dose range ,not only the smaller thyroid but also the normal thyroid function was obtained. Once the weight increased greatly, the hypothyroid happened.
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