| PrefaceThe cerebral ischemia has become the third lethal reason second-ary to cardiac diseases and tumors. Atherosclerosis is the main cause. The examination of carotid arteries can evaluate the pathologic circum-stances of intercerebral arteries. It is important to determine the risk of cerebral ischemia caused by carotid plaque, which can provide a feasible reference index for therapy.It is difficult to characterize the components of plaque using con-ventional 2DE techniques.IBS is a new ultrasonic technique for tissue characterization. This study was designed to quantitate the carotid plaque of patients with cerebral ischemia using IBS. Therefore, we can get a useful parameter for the risk of carotid plaque in cerebral ischemia.Material80 adults were enrolled in this study. 55 patients ( men 35, women 20, average age 61) , 25 control subjects ( men 15, women 10, average age 59 ).Data was acquired by using Hewlett - Packard Sonos 5500 ultra-sonic system equipped with IBS analysis software with a 7.5 MHz line-ar - array transducer.Method1.2 - D imaging: All the objects in this study lay in the supine position, and the examinations were done with the head held in the midline position or slightly tilted to the either side. The carotid arter-ies were examined bilaterally in the area of common carotid artery ( CCA) , the carotid bifurcation ( BIF ) , internal carotid artery (IC A ) and extra carotid artery (EGA). The diameters of all the arteries and the intima - media thickness (IMT) of the CCA were measured. When IMT in the BIF 1.2mm or IMT in CCA JC A ; ECA @1.0 mm, we can define it as atherosclerotic plaque. Then we can calculate the plaques in every carotid. All the plaques were divided into four groups according to the 2D gray scale; the weak echo plaque ; the low echo plaque; the high - density echo plaque and the heterogeneous plaque.Peak systolic velocity ( S ); mean velocity ( N ) ; pulsatility index ( PI ); resistance index (RI) were measured to detect hemoparameter using spectral Doppler.Intergrated backscatter system preset and data acquired: Swithing on AD - IBS procedure, we preset the instrument settings as follows (1)Gainl: gain75, comp65 ;(2)Gain2: gain90, comp65; The IBS values of different parts were measured by putting the region of interest ( ROI) respectively. According to machine settings mentioned above we acquired digital integrated backscatter image sequences of the CCA lumen and the parts of weak echo , low echo ,, and high density echo. The corrected IBS intensity was defined as the ratio between IBS value acquired in every part of the plaque and the IBS value acquired in the CCA lumen.Statistical analysis: Data was analyzed by SPSS 11.0 software. P≤0.05 was considered statistically significance.Result1. The results indicated that the diameters of CCA,ICA,ECA and BIF enlarged and the RI and PI of the CCA and ICA increased in patients.. The rest parameters had not statistical significance.2. ( 1 ) 35 subjects of 55 patients had carotid atherosclerotic plaques. The occurrence rate was 64% , while in control group it was 36%. The incidence of plaque in patient group was much higher than that in control group.(2) Among 138 plaques in patient group, the percentage of weak echo plaques and heterogeneous plaques were 36% and 45% , while in control group, they were 13% and 25%. There was remarkable difference between the two groups. In control group the percentage of high - density echo plaque was 9%. It was higher than that of patient group.(3) Under the same condition (gainl and gain2) , the IBS value of CCA lumen was of significant difference between patient group and control one. The IBS value of CCA lumen in patients was different in different situation, so was the IBS value in control group.(4) In the same gain (gainl and gain2) , there was statistical difference among high - density echo, low echo and weak echo. The IBS value of high - density echo was the highest and the IBS intensity of low echo was higher th...
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