Relationship Between Expression Of P27, FHIT, PTEN And P73 And Prognosis In Small Cell Carcinoma And Squamous Cell Carcinoma Of The Esophagus

Objective: The expression of P27,FHIT,PTEN and P73 were immunohistochemically detected to investigate the differences among them and affects of these oncogens on the prognosis in esophageal small cell carcioma(ESCC).and to provide a theoretical basis for clinical treatment and predicting prognosis.Materials and Methods: Paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of 60 cases of ESCC and 100 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(SCC),from 1986-1996,were obtained from the Forth Hospital of Hebei Medical University. None of the patients selected had received preoperative radiotherapy, chemotherapy and other treatment. All slides of these cases on file were rechecked independently by two pathologists.who didn't know the clinical and pathological informations, to confirm the diagnosis. Five sections cut at 5-um in thickness were used for HE and immunhistochemical staining, the immunological reagents employed included antiboyies against P27, FHIT, PTEN,P73.Follow-up data for 40 casesof ESCC and 94 cases of sec could be used for analysis.Results: 1. The biological features comparation between ESCC and ESC:In the ESCC and ESC ,the positive rate of the lymph node metastasis,tumor embolus and invasion of resdual end were 63.35%,35%, 13.33% and 21%, 15%, 6%, respectively, with significant difference. One-year, three-year, five-year survival rates of ESCC were 67.5%, 34%, 10% respectively,and median survival period were 2.65 years; one-year,three-year,five-year survival rates of ESC were 8%,63%,34% respectovly,and median survival is 4.6 years, with statistical significant difference.The lymph node metastasis,tumour embolus and invasion of tumor were related to the prognosis, but not related to the age,sex of the patients.and location of the tumor, and the positive rates of the lymph node metastasis and tumor embolus, invasion of the tumor were 10.94%,6.25%,12.5% and 22.22%,8.33%, 36.11% respectively;and the median survival period were 5.27 and 3.57 years in I-II graded ESC and m graded ESC.with significant difference. From I~n,m graded ESC to ESCC,the positive rate of the lymph node metasis were increased and the median survival period were decreased, indicating that the prognosis was poorer with increased grade in esophageal carcinoma,thus we can judge the prognosis by the differentiation.2.Immunohistochemical staining results: The positive rate of P27,FHIT,PTEN,P73in ESCC and ESC are 5%, 44%, 33.33%,73.33% and 58.33%,84%,68% and 51%,with significant differences between ESCC and ESC.The expression of P27, FHIT, PTEN, P73 and the corrlation between prognosis could be found in the ESCC. In the m-graded ESC and I~II graded ESC,the positive rate expression of P27 and P73 were 30.56%,55.56% and 62.5%,48.43%.From I~II and III graded ESC to ESCC,the positive rates of P27 were decreased but the P73 was increased,showing a laddeded change.The expressions of these oncogens were related to the differentiation,and can be one of the factors of influencing prognosis.Conclusions: The positive staining rates of tumor tissues for P27,FHIT,PTEN and p73 are significantly different in ESCC and ESC.The expression of these oncogenes is related to the prognostic factor,and thus,it is valuable for clinical treatment and judging prognosis to detect the expression of P27,FHIT,PTEN and P73 in ESCC.