| Borneol is one of the aromatic stimulants for resuscitation. It is cool in nature and acrid in taste, mainly acts on the Heart, spleen and Lung channels. Its character is volatile and migratory, guide the drugs to the upper part of the body. Borneol can promote resuscitation, reduce filthiness, clear away heat and toxic materials.As is known to all, "Borneol' s function is weak when being used alone, but can strengthen other herbs' therapeutic functions when being used as an adjuvant and guiding drug", because of this, borneol is always used as an guiding herb in many prescription of Tradition Chinese Medicine.Recent research indicate that borneol can soluble in organic solvents, have a high lipotropy, can be absorbed rapidly in the gastrointestinal channel and can traverse the blood-brain barrier (BBB) easily. Borneol can be found in the rat brain after 5 minutes of administration, the Tmax is 48 minutes. Its pharmacokinetic characters indicate that borneol can influence the central nervous system (CNS) nowadays.On the other hand , borneol can impetus Evan's Blue (EB) , Methylglucarnine Diatrizoate and Gentamiamicin to traverse the BBB.All the data above indicate in both quantitative and qualitative aspects that borneol can traverse the BBB, can open the BBB adversely. But the mechanism of its functions to the BBB is not clear till now.BBB is a multicellual biological barrier compose of EC, Tight Junction (TJ) between EC, astrocytes, basilemma and so on. It is a dynamic interface between blood and CNS, enabling the brain to keep an homeostatic internal environment, but at the same time, this barrier constrain some drugs' free-exchange between brain and blood, as a result, it influence the therapeutic effect to the cerebral diseases of the drugs.Some data demonstrate that EC can secrete and produce several kinds of bioactive substance. Nitric Oxide (NO) is one kind of them. NO is a kind of vasoactive substance controls the vasomotion, generate from L-arginine catalyzed by a family of three distinct calmodulin-dependent synthase enzymes (NOS). People have found 3 types of NOS: endothelial NOS (eNOS), inducibleNOS(iNOS), neuron NOS (nNOS). eNOS and nNOS are both constituted expressed enzymes, whose activities are stimulated by increases intracellular calcium; iNOS is a calcium-independent NOS , expression of iNOS protein requires transcriptional activation which is mediated by specific combinations of cytokines.NOS distributes on the wall of artery, coronary artery and cerebral vascularys, controls the blood pressure, blood current and permeability of BBB.Ca2+ is one kind of great important bioactive ions distribute into all kinds of cells. EC membrane have the Ca2+-dependent cell molecule, which can control the Ca2+ channels. Some research had demonstrated that the Ca2+ channels opening or closing has close relationship with the BBB s permeability.In this experiment, the rat brain injury and cerebritis models are established, then determine the gross of calcium in the brain, observe the change of eNOS, iNOS and ICAM-1, compare the results and discuss the mechanism of borneol s function of opening the BBB.60 adult Sprague-Dawley rats (30 males and 30 females) were statistics randomly divided into 6 groups: Group C (normal control group); Group B (borneol administration group); Group mi (cerebral injury model group); Group M1+B (cerebral injury rats administrate borneol); Group M2 (cerebritis model group); Group Ma+B (cerebritis rats administrate borneol)Each group was deal with like these: administrate paraffin oil (15ml/kg); administrate 10% borneol paraffin oil (15ml/kg); weight strike ratsendocranium (the striking power was 1000g·cm); administrate 10% borneolparaffin oil (15ml/kg) after 6h of brain injury; inject bordetella pertussis suspention (BPS) via the right carotid arteries of rats; administrate 10% borneol paraffin oil (15ml/kg) after 2h of the injection of BPS.At various times, rats were perfused with 250-300ml NS, followed by 250-300ml 4%...
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