Detection Of The Expression Pattern Of Two Novel Human Genes In Urologic Neoplasm By Fluorescent Quantitative RT-PCR And The Potential Clinical Significance

Carcinogenesis, progression and prognosis of tumor are complicated processes that involve multi-factors, multi-mechanisms and multi-stages. It has been proved that alteration of the tumor-associated genes is an important factor playing key roles in the generation, progress and prognosis of tumor. Transformation of cells is closely related to the inactivation of tumor-resistant genes and the activation of oncogenes. With the increasing development of the molecular biological technique and the impending of the post-genome era, it is becoming a great challenge about the discovery, identification and functional study of novel tumor-associated genes which are important for the studies on the mechanism of carcinogenesis, the gene prognosis of tumor and the gene-therapy of tumor.Significant progress has been made in the methodology on the functional study of novel genes. The cloning and sequencing of the full-length cDNA will lead directly to the discovery of novel genes. Gene chip technology is a rapidly developed method for the paralel investigations on the gene expression pattern of large samples. Fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR is a new technique that couples the RT-PCR method and the probe hybridization method and can sensitively, accurately and quantitatively detect the alteration of gene expression. And it is characterized by accurate quantification, good repeatability and rare pollution.The two novel genes investigated in this article were obtained by large-scale randomly sequencing of the cDNA library of fetal brain with high quality. They were proved to be two novel full-length genes by bioinformatic analysis. Gene chip study of the expression of them showed that they were downregulated in the bladder carcinoma. To investigate the extend of downregulation in the bladder carcinoma and possibly other urologic tumors and the relation between the expression level and the biological behavior of tumors, we constructed the fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR system and used this system to detect the expression level of two novel genes in cell strains, tumor tissues and corresponding normal samples of the urologic system. Results showed that 1. fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR was an efficient quantification method to detect the gene expression level and has a prospecting application in clinic; 2. Two novel genes really existed and expressed under physical and pathological conditions; 3. They both were downregulated in the urologic tumors; 4. Downregulation of one the genes was possibly related to the recidivation or stages of bladder carcinoma. Therefore we conclude that the two novel genes are urologic tumor-associated genes and possibly tumor resistant genes and the detection of the two novel genes possibly can be clinically used for the diagnosis, justification and prognosis of urologic tumors. The detailed mechanism of the two genes and the possibility of the clinical application of them still await a lot of work.