| It has been reported that the wheat germplasms from the abroad made a big progress for chinese wheat growth and breeding in the past. The introduction of the overseas wheat not only improve the chinese wheat production and genetic diversity, but also become the good experience for chinese wheat introduction. In this study, the main agronomic and quality traits of the wheat germplasms from CIMMYT high rainfall area were systematic evaluated and analyzed. The main results as follows:1,Six main agronomic traits of 135 common wheat collected from CIMMYT high rainfall area were investigated. High variation in the 6 agronomic traits was observed among those accessions and the diversity index was among 1.35-2.02. The average values of the plant height, spike length, NO of tillers,1000-grain weight, spikelet NO per spike and grain NO per spike were 99.76cm,22.11,9.83cm,13.6,30.66g and 3.42, respectively. The order of the variation coefficient is NO of tillers> spikelet NO per spike>spike length>1000-grain weight>grain NO per spike>plant height. The Six agronomic traits had the correlation relationship in a degree according to the correlation analysis. Plant height was positively related with 1000-grain weight and negatively correlated with NO of tillers. Spikelet NO per spike had the positive relationship with grain NO per spike and NO of tillers.2,The average performance of main quality characters of 100 CIMMYT high rainfall area wheat germplasms were analyzed. It was found that the average of gluten index,wet gluten,dry gluten,sedimentation value,water absorption,development time and stability time were 87.7%,33.6%,7.3%,59ml,55.7%,5min, and 8.12 min respectively. Coeffient of variation of these traits showed that the development time (89.99%) and breakdown time (74.86%) had larger values and water absorption (1.19%) showed the less difference among all materials. The correlation analysis indicated that gluten index and sedimentation were the most important quality characters; they could be used as indicators in quality breeding. The diversity analysis of quality characters showed that the diversity index was quite different and was concentrated in 1.5513-2.1952, thus materials had large mutation types. Considering the wet gluten, sedimentation value and stability time, some alternative materials and alternative materials were found, these materials can be definite if they were after weak gluten types or strong gluten types by determinating proten content.3,The correlation relationships between the agronomic and quality traits of the wheat germplasms from CIMMYT high rainfall area were also analyzed. Plant height was negatively related with dough stability time and development time; NO of tillers had the positive correlation with wet gluten content, dough development time, sedimentation value and stability time; spikelet NO per spike was positively correlated with sedimentation value; 1000-grain weight got the negative relationship with gluten index, dough development time and sedimentation value.4,High molecular wheat glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) variations of common wheat from CIMMYT high rainfall areas were characterized by SDS-PAGE, for the purpose of evaluating the genetic diversity at the level of protein. All the 9 HMW-GS alleles were detected at Glu-A1,Glu-B1 and Glu-D1 loci and each locus was 3 alleles. At Glu-Al locus, 2* subunit got the highest frequency 45.45%. And at the Glu-B1 locus subunit 7+9 was the most frequent subunit with the frequency of 67.67%. The frequency of subunit 5+10 was 82.82%, indicating that 5+10 was the most frequent allele at the Glu-D1 locus. A total of 15 HMW-GS combinations were observed. Subunits combination (2*,13+16,5+10) was observed in highest frequency with 16.16%. And the subunit combinations (Null,7+9, 2+12), (1,7+9,5+10), (2*,7+9,5+10), (2*,7+8,5+10), (Null,7+9,2+12), (1,7+8,5+10) and (Null,7+9,5+10) were also higher frequent with the frequencies of 15.15%,14.14%, 13.13%,11.11%,10.10%,7.07% and 6.67%, respectively. The remaining subunit combination patters were observed at lower frequencies (less than 5%). |
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