Entry Of Infectious Spleen And Kidney Necrosis Virus

Infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus ,ISKNV , is an iridovirus. It is a double strand DNA virus first separated from the mandarin fish in 1998.Recently, the spread of the ISKNV has resulted in significant economic losses in cultured mandarin fish, Siniperca chuatsi , in Guangdong Province, China.The essential events involved in a successful viral infection cycle are:1) the spcific attachment of the viral envelppe protein to a cellular receptor followed by internalization of the virus into the host cells;2)and the subsequent uncoating of the virion to release th viral genome. For an efficient entry into the cells, many animal viruses employ several different kinds of pathways. To date, there were at least five types:1) clathrin-dependent entry pathway; 2) endocytosis via caveolae;3)macropinocytosis;4)phagocytosis; 5)and a novel nonclathrin, noncaveolar pathway.Caveolae-dependent endocytosis is defined by its clathrin independence, caveolin-1 and dynamin dependence, and sensitivity to cholesterol, also some kinds of signal pathway dependence. After a analysis of the dynamic characteristics of ISKNV infection, we inclined to believe that ISKNV enter MFF-1 cells through caveolae-dependent pathway. For further studies, we exploit several pharmaceutical and molecular methods. We treated cells with different kinds of drugs specifically interrupted different endocytic pathways and analyzed the infectivity of ISKNV, the results suggested that the infectious entry of ISKNV is pH independent, cholesterol dependent, dynamin dependent, and caveolin-1 associated. In other words, ISKNV may enter MFF-1 cells via caveolae. Otherwise, we use cofracted and colocalized ISKNV and caveolin-1, they appeared at the same location during the infection.