Bio-activity Of Two Kinds Of Compositae

Compositae plays an important role in the research of bio-pesticides. Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng and Tagetes erecta Linnaeus are widely distributed in Xichang, but never be fully used. In this study, bio-activity of the two kinds of compositae towards Acanthocoris Casber, Spodoptera litura and Meloidogyne incognita had been assessed comprehensively, the active part had been selected and primarily separated, and the relationship between the active parts and pests had been discussed. The aim of this research was to provide theoretical basis for the integrated control of agricultural pests and the use of E. adenophorum Spreng and marigold.(1) The poisoning, fumigation, repelling activities of the ethanol extracts of Eupatorium adenphorum Spreng leaves against Acanthocoris Casber Linnaeus were bioassayed in the liboratory and outdoor. The results showed that Eupatorium adenphorum Spreng had ,bio-activities to adults of Acanthocoris Casber, and the activities increased with the increase of dosage and time. The field experiments showed that Eupatorium adenphorum Spreng leaves played good control on Acanthocoris Casber, and the toxicity regression equation was Y=4.3580+5.1735x, LC50 was 1.3307 g/L after 7 days.(2) The bio-activities of Tagetes erecta on the 3rd instar larvaes of Spodoptera litura had been tested by immursion method in the laboratory, the highest insecticidal part had been screened out. The results suggested that all the flowers, stems, leaves, roots and four different polar slovent extracts of roots had strong poisoning activities against the 3rd instar larvaes of Spodoptera litura, and in a dose-dependent manner, especially ethanol and chloroform extracts of roots. It indicated that marigold roots contained many high insecticidal active components, and mainly in the chloroform extracts.(3) By fumigation method, the poisoning activity of ethanol extracts and four polar slovent extracts of marigold roots on Meloidogyne incognita were determined. The results showed that chloroform extracts of marigold roots showed the highest insecticidal activities against Meloidogyne incognita and the corrected mortality was 80.19%, followed by ethyl acetate extracts, which the corrected mortality was 52.30%, with 5000 mg/L after fumigantion of 72 h. It also suggested that marigold roots had strong biological activities on Meloidogyne incognita and the active compounds were concentrated in the chloroform part.(4) By tracking test,13 components were isolated from chloroform extracts of marigold roots by silica gel column chromatography. The bio-activity tests indicated that sample 6 and 7 showed high bio-activities to the 3rd instar larvaes of Spodoptera litura, and the corrected mortality were 81.34%,97.70% after 24 h, respectivily. Sample 4,5,6,10 and 11 showed highly bio-activities to the second instar larvaes of Meloidogyne incognita, and the corrected mortality all reached 100% after 72 h.(5) The qualitative research was carried out on water extracts, ethanol extracts and acid ethanol extracts of E. adenphorum Spreng leaves and marigold roots. The primarily study showed that E. adenphorum Spreng leaves contained amino acids, proteins, peptides, carbohydrates, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, organic acids, phenols, anthraquinones, coumarins, terpenoids, sterides, volatile oil and grease. There were amino acids, proteins, peptides, carbohydrates, flavonoids, organic acids, tannins, coumarins, phenols, terpenes and volatile oil in marigold roots.