| In this experiment, four goats fitted with rumen cannula were used to determine the effects of different artemisinine additives on the rumen fermentation and ruminal nitrogen recycling, and blood serum index. The main proposal was to search a new rumen regulation agent, and the dissertation was described as follows. Experiment one: The objectives of this part were to determine the effects of artemisinine extract on the rumen fermentation and the grazing rates of rumen protozoa. The in vitro culture were conducted using concentrate-to-forage ratio 2: 8 as substrates, by adding 0, 0.15%, 0.25%, 0.35% and 0.45% artemisinine in culture medium respectively. The results showed that, the extent of pH ranged between 6.66 and 7.12. The addition of artemisinine could decrease the concentration of NH3-N concentration; and the NH3-N concentration of 0.25% group was lowest than that of the control group; As the addition of artemisinine increasing, aerogenic accumulation was declining, and experimental groups were significantly lower than control group (P<0.01) except 12h; There was no significant difference was detected in acetic acid, propanoic acid and butyric acid between groups; Artemisinine could increase bacterial protein production and decrease protozoa protein production; Artemisinine led to an increase of bacterial density, and a decrease of protozoal density. Furthermore, the grazing rates of rumen protozoa on bacteria were manipulated by artemisinine, and there were, 329.79 cells/(cell·h), 314.07 cells/(cell·h), 291.79 cells/(cell·h), 268.21 cells/(cell·h), 278.73 cells/(cell·h) for A, B, C, D respectively. When the corresponding values expressed as bacteria-N were: 1.781 pg N/(cell·h), 1.696 pg N/(cell·h), 1.576 pg N/(cell·h), 1.448 pg N/(cell·h), 1.505 pg N/(cell·h). Extrapolating the assimilation quantity of bacterial nitrogen by ciliates per day per capita, there were 85.48 mg N/(d capita), 81.41 mg N/(d capita), 75.63 mg N/(d capita), 69.52 mg N/(d capita), 72.25 mg N/(d capita). or the bacterial protein were 534.26 mg Pr/(d capita), 508.79 mg Pr/(d capita), 472.70 mg Pr/(d capita), 434.50 mg Pr/(d capita), 451.54 mg Pr/(d capita) respectively, with group D recording the smallest bacterial protein recycling and group E recording the lowest turnover rates.Experiment two: Four goats were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments (adding 0, 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.6% artemisinine in diets respectively) in a 4×4 Latin square design, aimed to study the effects of artemisinine on rumen fermentation parameters, blood serum index, and on rumen fermentation parameters, ruminal nitrogen recycling. The results showed that, the extent of pH ranged between 6.85 and 7.16. The addition of artemisinine could decrease the concentration of NH3-N concentration, the 0.4% group and 0.6% group were significantly lower than that of the control group, while increased the concentration of acetate, propionate and TVFA in the rumen, with a simultaneous decline in the acetate to propionate ratio. The ratio of acetate to propionate in every group was significantly lower than that of the control group. With the addition of artemisinine increasing, bacterial protein yields tended to upgraded, and the highest 0.6% group was very significantly higher than the control group. Additionally, compared to control group, no significant influence was detected in ruminal urea-nitrogen concentration and blood serum indexes, including total serum protein, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, glutamic oxalacetic transaminase, urea nitrogen and blood glucose. Additionally, artemisinine led to an increase of bacterial density, and a decrease of protozoal density. It was further observed that, the grazing rates of rumen protozoa on bacteria were altered by artemisinine, and there were, 320.11 cells/(cell·h), 313.94 cells/(cell·h), 268.21 cells/(cell·h), 278.73 cells/(cell·h) for A, B, C, D, respectively. The results revealed artemisinine could decrease the grazing rates of rumen protozoa and the MCP recycling, the 0.4% group was more effective.
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