The Preliminary Study On Application Of Vermicompost In Turf Bed Matrix Of Golf Green

Earthworm is a kind of omnivorous animal. It can increase the decomposition of organic matter, speed up the cycling of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus and improve soil fertility in collaboration with microorganism. Earthworm processed manure (vermicompost) has moderately loose structure. Its granular structure is porous body with larger vugh. It has neutral pH, water erosion, good permeability, and the property of protecting the performance of water and fertilizer, not watering. Vermicompost is rich in nutrients with higher effective ingredients. It contains the major elements for plants, as well as some other unknown auxins capable of transforming minerals into water-soluble active ingredients which can easily be absorbed by plants. Vermicompost with uniform grains has no odor which contains a variety of enzymes beneficial to the growth of plant, humus and plant hormones substances. It is a high-quality raw material in urgent need for research and development for the production of high efficient source of manure and the composite substrate.The method of the United States Golf Association lawn establishment has been widely used in the construction of the stadium lawn at home and abroad. Compared to the traditional soil-based site, the sand-based flat-bed using sand as the main material can provide better water penetration resistance and hardening properties. However, as a larger particle size of sand, a wide range of grain size distribution and different particle shape, its maintenance of water and fertilizer are generally less .So in order to adjust the physical and chemical properties of the flat-bed matrix to meet the requirements of a correct range, it required a certain proportion of mixed soil amendments. At present, the playground and golf course mainly use peat based organic amendments. However, the peat is a non-renewable resource. And after years of mining, the reservation is declining. Meanwhile during the mining the environment is enormously damaged, the higher and higher market price resulting in rising construction costs to make the lawn. Later period of the grass growing is still in larger need application of fertilizer, increasing the cost of lawn maintenance and management.The applied research for improved matrix using vermicompost as a substitute of lawn flat-bed has not been reported. In this study, earthworm-processed cow-manure or earthworm-processed sewage sludge were utilized as the basic materials to explore the feasibility and effectiveness when vermicompost was used for a matrix modifier of the flat-bed, expecting to find the reasonable component ratio and proper construction methods fitting the actual needs of the green lawn. The results showed that:As the content of peat increased, specific gravity and bulk density of the flat-bed matrix had the trend of declining, while total porosity, capillary porosity and aeration porosity increased. pH value of the flat-bed matrix decreased while EC value had no remarkable change. The addition of peat can significantly increased the available nitrogen and organic matter content of the flat-bed, but had little impact on the content of available P and K. The color of the lawn gradually deepened with the addition of peat, time of the formation process of the lawn significantly shorter, plant height growing faster, clipping content larger, but had no significant effect on the texture of the lawn.With the amount of cow-manure vermicompost increased, specific gravity and bulk density of the flat-bed matrix decreased, while capillary porosity and aeration porosity increased. PH value of the flat-bed matrix decreased with an increasing addition of vermicompost while EC value remarkably increased. But after the grass growing into the floor, EC values of the matrix decreased rapidly and became stable. The addition of cow-manure vermicompost can significantly improve the flat-bed matrix, being beneficial to the growth of the lawn, shorten the time of the formation process of the lawn .The color of the lawn was relatively dark, the leaves were wider, the texture was gradually thickening, the outward appearance was dense and homogeneous, the speed of regeneration was fast and the self-reparation and regeneration ability of the lawn was strong. In the scope of this experimental study, the more the application amount of the cow-manure vermicompost , the better.As the quantity of sludge vermicompost increased, specific gravity and bulk density of the flat-bed matrix gradually decreased, while total porosity and aeration porosity increased. But capillary porosity can't be effectively increased. PH value decreased too fast with the addition of the sludge vermicompost, thus affecting the growth of the lawn. EC value remarkably increased. But after the grass growing into the floor, the EC values of the matrix became stable. The addition of sludge vermicompost can significantly shorten the time of the formation process of the lawn. The speed of the regeneration were considerably increased, the chlorophyll content remarkably improved and the clipping content apparently larger. But the high dosage treatment with sludge vermicompost inhibited the growth of the grass, thus to lengthen the time of the formation process of the lawn. Finally the cover of the grass was poor and the color was light and so on. During actual performance, the amount of 20～60g/kg of sludge vermicompost was the preferred range.