Mutation Effect Of Space Flight Factors On Alfalfa Seeds

Important characteristics of the environment in space are the presence of microgravity, the high-energy heavy particle and high vacuum. So space environment is a kind of complicated mutagen, using it to carry out mutation breeding has become a new way for modern plant breeding. It is necessary to promoted animal husbandry in our country, improved alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.) varieties with high yield, multiple disease resistances and feed quality. This paper consisting of studies on the phenotype, protein, and gene changes in alfalfa materials. According statistics analysis on the basis of field observation and laboratory analysis datas, comparative analysis the differents between flown materials and background components. The results shows that, we can find etching aperture from epidermis of flown seeds, it's rate of dormancy reduced significantly; Fresh and dry weight of there alfalfa,the there flown grounps have different degrees of growth. their overwintering rates increased by 2-3%, the height of turing green alfalfa increased 5--7 cm, significant difference (p<0.05). Based on the above results, obtained 15 candidates of mutations by screening. Biochemical tests results show that, POD activity of seedlings had improved by 18.32%. Isoenzyme can be influenced by space flight, there was additional electrophoretic band increased compared with control seedlings. The PCR results shows that, the mutation traits of 5 individuals was heritable, the rate was 1.1%.