Genetic Diversity Of Storage Protein And ISJ Indurum Wheat And Wild Emmer Wheat

Durum wheat is cultivated tetraploid wheat, which is also known as macaroni wheat, mainly in North Africa, southern Europe, the Middle East and other regions. In the world, acreage of durum wheat is about 10% of the common wheat, secondly only to common wheat. Wild emmer wheat is the ancestor of most cultivated tetraploid and hexaploid wheat. Israel and its neighboring areas is the origin and Center of genetic diversity of the wild emmer wheat. In this study, we compared the genetic polymorphisms of protein and nucleic acid between durum wheat and wild emmer wheat, the main results are as follows:1. the analysis of HMW indicated that: there were 27 alleles on Glu-1 loci , including 4 alleles on Glu-A1 loci , 23 alleles on Glu-B1 loci ; And null , 6 + 8 subunits occurred with highest frequency on each loci, reaching 38.84% and 16.82%, respectively. There were 47 types of subunit compositions and the predominant was 1/ 6 + 8 with a frequency of 7. 48 %. Material s con2ferred wit h elite subunit s of 1 , 2 3 , 13 + 16 , 14 + 15 , 17 + 18 were selected and could be a source of desirable genes. Results from the diversity analysis showed that the diversity of wild emmer wheat were greater than of durum wheat in the Glu-A 1 and Glu-B 1 loci , as well as HMW-GS composition. One new subunitcombinations type was found in wild emmer wheat material s GW-2 .2. the analysis of prolamins indicated that: 44 bands were observed in a total of 58 materials. The frequency of each band ranged from 6.9% to 75.86%, and diversity index was between0.184 and0.367. Set Chinese Spring (CS) as an example, all the prolamin bands were divided into four zones:ω,β,γandαrespectively. the number ofβarea bands ranks the first, whileγranks the last. Statistics by Shannon-scale diversity, results showed that: the diversity index sequence in wild emmer wheat isβ>α>ω>γ. The diversity index sequence in durum wheat isβ>ω>α>γ.3. to investigate the genetic diversity between 33 durum wheat and 13 wild emmer wheat by using PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) with nine intron-splice junction primers. A total of 82 DNA fragments across all materials were scored, among them 63 were polymorphic, Polymorphism rate is 76.8%. When the genetic similarity coefficient is 0.732, the 46 materials can be divided into two group. GroupⅠis mainly made up of durum wheat material including 31 durum wheat and 2 wild emmer wheat materials. GroupⅡis mainly made up of wild emmer wheat materials, including 11 wild emmer wheat and 2 durum wheat.