Study On The Mutative Rule Of Pigment And Luster And Regulation Control During Mango Fruit Development

Mangoes(Mangifera indica Linn)belong to the genus Mangifera in Anacardiaceae family, has the reputation of'King of tropical fruit'. Mango pulp is juicy and sweet not only for fresh food but also can be processed into various products. As a core index of the fruit appearance quality, clour and lustre plays a great role in the commodity value of fruit and processed products. The accumulation of pigment is the substantial basis for the clour and lustre, and the hue and colour shade depends on the sort and content of pigment, which includes chlorophyll, carotene, anthocyanin and flavones. Among of which, Carotene is widely distributed in the fruits as a kind of lipochrome making fruits clourful such as colourless, light yellow, yellow,orange and red because of different kind. Therefore, study on the the accumulation rule of carotenoid and color and luster during mango fruit development is very meaningfulTo explore the dynamic mutative rule of mano carotene in mango fruit,in this thesis, extracting methods were optimized,the content of carotene (includingα-carotene,β-carotene,β-Crypotoxanthin,Lycopene,Zeaxanthin), chlorophyll, and total content of carotene during mango fruit development were measured by HPLC method, and the relativity between the accumulation of carotene and different clour were analysed and also the effect of bagging treatment on the colour and the compositon of carotene of Tainong No.1. The results are as follows:1,The optimal extracting condition for mango carotene is:ethanol-hexane (4:3) with the ratio of material and extractantl:33 under 50℃for 60 min.2,The content of chlorophyⅡdecreased with the mango fruit development and ripeness and the total carotene content reached the climax at the ripen stage and the pulp turned to yellow from green white.All kinds of carotene(β-cyptoxanthin,β-carotene,α-carotene,Lycopene)but Zeaxanthin increased with the fruit development, and reached the maximum when fully ripen.β-carotene was the higest one among carotene in all varietiesVarious colour-type varieties such as "Tainung N0.1" for orange yellow, "Irwin" for orange red,'Xiaoji'for deep yellow,'Fengshun wuhai'for ivory white were used to study the relationship between colour and lustre and carotene. Results showed that mango pulp colour difference among varieties depended on the content of both total carotene and orangey carotene instead of the constituents of carotene,β-carotene was decisive factor in mango pulp colour. The pulp of'Xiaoji'mango appeared deep yellow with content ofβ-carotene 35.18μg/g and chroma angle 90.85 at fully ripen stage while'Fengshun wuhai'mango showed ivory white with content ofβ-carotene only 11.45μg/g.3,Referring to the relativity between carotene and chromatism, the content ofβ-carotene had a extremely significantly positive corelation with a*;the content of zeaxanthin and b* had a significantly positive correlation; a-carotene and b* had a significantly positive correlation;the content of lycopene had a extremely significantly positive corelation with c* and the higher the content of lycopene, the purer the colour is.4,Bagging markedly improved the appearance quality including brightness and color. The composite bags with yellow exterior layer and interior black layer had proved to be the best bagging material, however, it had no significant effect in improving the pulp colour and brightness. There were no significant difference in zeaxanthin,β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene between white single layer bagged fruits and no bagged fruits, but both content ofβ-carotene andα-carotene were significantly lower than control.β-carotene,α-carotene and lycopene in coposite bag treatment were also significantly lower than control.White single fruit bag fruit and not bagged fruit was no significant difference, butβ-carotene,α-carotene were significantly lower than the control. Composite paper fruit bags fruitβ-carotene,α-carotene, lycopene were significantly lower than the control.1 parchment bags to Taiwan farmers have significantly increased monosaccharide. No effect of bagging on fruit weight, composite paper bag VC significantly increased the content of mango pulp.