| Sugarcane mosaic virus is one of the worldwide diseases in sugarcane production.Genetic engineering is used widely for the sugarcane breeding of resistance-disease.SrMV-P1 gene was transformed to sugarcane cv. FN95-1702 by particle bombardment in the Key Lab of Sugarcane Eco-Physiology& Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture in 2005, and six transgenic sugarcane clones were obtained. The genetic stability, yield and quality of characteristics of the above transgenic sugarcane were evaluated. Active oxygen metabolism and phenolic metabolism were analyzed in transgenic sugarcane inoculated with SCMV virus. The results were showed as followed:Resistance to ScMV was improved effectively in the transgenic sugarcane mediated with SrMV-P1 gene. The SrMV incidence was investigated from T1 to T3 generation. The result was showed that ScMV incidences of all transgenic clones were 5% or less, significantly lower than the receptor cultivars (FN95-1702, CK1) and the transgenic clones without mediated with SrMV-P1 gene (P7, CK2). The trangenic sugarcane clone TF64 was not infected by SrMV virus. In T3 generation, the SrMV-P1 gene was detected in transgenic sugarcane, but not be detected in FN95-1702 and P7, showing that the SrMV-P1 gene could be genetic stability in transgenic sugarcane clones.Yield and quality characteristics in transgenic sugarcane clones were evaluated in T3 generation. The results were showed thatgrowth rate of transgenic sugarcane clones was higher than the control FN95-1702 and P7. plant height of all the transgenic sugarcane except TF50, were higher than FN95-1702 and P7. Stalk diameter in the transgenic sugarcane clones had not significantly difference than those in FN95-1702 and P7. Yield of all the transgenic sugarcane increased by 5.51%～43.30% when compared with P7,and yield of TF50, TF53, TF63, TF67 increased by 8.22%～21.38% when compared with FN95-1702. According to the quality of characteristics in transgenic sugarcane clones, the results indicated that Brix of transgenic sugarcane increased by 5.00%～24.36%, pol by 10.15%～36.52%, sugar content in sugarcane juice by 9.61%～37.07%, apparent purity by 4.65%～9.73%, gravity purity by 3.29%～10.25%, sugarcane fiber by 0.37%～26.26%, Tonnage sugar content (TSC) by 0.37%～26.26%. The results from the fuzzy comprehensive analysis showed that transgenic sugarcane clones had great performance in T1-T3 generation, as compared with FN95-1702 And P7.Acid invertase activity in transgenic sugarcane was higher before sugarcane technical maturing stage with comparison to non-transgenic sugarcane, which was helpful to nutritional growth. As technical maturing stage coming, neutral invertase activity in transgenic sugarcane increased, which was benefit to sucrose accumulation. The FN95-1702 and P7 were infected by SrMV, so the glucose metabolism was confused.The studies on physiological and biochemical basis on virus resistance of transgenic sugarcane TF53, TF64 showed thatwhen sugarcane was inoculated with SrMV virus for four times,content of H2O2 and O2- in TF53 and TF64 were rhythmic change. The content of H2O2 and O2- had a low level at the end of inoculation. During the whole inoculation process, content of H2O2 and O2- in P7 and FN95-1702 were change irregularly, then at the end of inoculation process, the content of H2O2 and O2- had a high level. Comparison of MDA in transgenic sugarcane pre- and post inoculation, the result showed that after SrMV inoculation, the content of MDA in FN95-1702 and P7 increased by 58.59% and 42.38%. MDA content in transgenic sugarcane TF53 and TF64 had not significantly increased after inoculation. The research on protective enzyme system indicated thatthe activities of POD and SOD in transgenic sugarcane were maintained in high level, as compared to non-transgenic sugarcane P7 and FN95-1702, which was used to scavenger reactive oxygen species, to protect cell integrity. Vaiations of phenolic metabolism in transgenic sugarcane showed that:the content of PAL,total phenols,flavonoid in transgenic sugarcane TF53 and TF64 were maintained in high level after SrMV-virus inoculation, , as compared to non-transgenic sugarcane P7 and FN95-1702.
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