Studies On Genetic And Heterosis Of Main Yield And Quality Characters In Hybrid Rice With The New Resources Of Cytoplasm Male Sterile

Disentombing and utilizing hybrid rice with new resources of CMS is one important way for the steady development of three-line hybrid rice. Cytoplasm resource of hybrid rice(CMS-FA)that bred by Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University is a new genetic system, cytoplasm type, maintainer source, relationship between restorer and maintainer are different from three-line hybrid rice WA,Indian Water-type and HL,and also different from the two-line hybrid rice respectively. Deeply Studying genetic and heterosis mechanism of this new hybrid rice is one of the main contents about utilizing hybrid rice with the new resource of CMS. With incomplete diallel cross(5×5), 5 CMSs and 5 restorers were selected from CMS-FA genetic system .Genetic effects, heterosis and genetic correlations of 22 main yielding and quality characters were analyzed systematically with new additive dominant genetic model(AD model)and statistic analysis method,aims to effective use CMS-FA and provide scientific proof for hybrid rice breeding. The main results are as follows:1. The results of phenotypic analysis of main Yield and Quality Characters in Hybrid Rice with the New Resources of Cytoplasm Male Sterile showed that:The average of GWP,PH,PL,SNL,SP,FSP and SSR for F₁ generation were higher than the according value of male sterile line and restorer line, and other characters located between male sterile lines and the restorer lines;F₁ generation of GWP,SNL,SP,FSP and FLL characters at the coefficient of variation were less than male sterile lines and restorer lines,but the PP was higher than the coefficient of variation CMS and the restorer. F₁ generation of the BBR,MRR,GGR, CHD and AC 5 characters at the average were higher than those of male sterile lines and restorer lines,the average of other characters were intermediate type;The BRR and GL of F₁ generation were higher than those of male sterile lines and restorer lines,coefficient of variation of CGR,CHD and GW 3 characters were less than male sterile lines and restorer lines. Other characters were the intermediate type.2. The results of genetic effects analysis of main Yield and Quality Characters of the hybrid rice with new resources showed that:Additive variance and dominance variance accounted for total phenotypic variance ratio of all traits except GWP and PL, which were significant or highly significant,jointly controlled by additive and dominant effect; GWP,PH,PL,SNL,SP and FSP 6 Characters were mainly controlled by dominance effects,narrow sense heritability ranged from 50% to 86.0%. The additive variance and dominance variance accounted for the phenotypic variance ratio of HMRR,CGR,CHD,GL,RT,ASV and AC 7 Characters reached a significant level, mainly controlled by additive effects and dominant effects;genetic variance and narrow sense heritability of percentage of CGR,CHD,GL,ASV and AC 5 Characters were mainly controlled by additive effects,narrow sense heritability ranges from 50% to 86.0%;The remaining Characters were controlled by dominant effects.3. The results of heterosis analysis the hybrid rice with new resources showed that:The mid-parent value of all characters reached significant or highly significant except PP,SSR and FLL;The mid-parent value of SNL was the highest,to 42.5%,SSR is the lowest,only 1.6%;the better-parent value of all characters reached a positive or negative significant except FSP and SSR;These characters showing positive better-parent value were as follow: SNL (25.8%),GWP (17.5%),PH(7.8%),SP(6.2%),FSP(4.6%) and PL(4.5%);These characters showing negative better-parent value were as follow: TGW(-14.9%),PP(-14.3%),FLL(-8.4),SSR(-2.3%) and GD(-1.7%). The mid-parent value of MRR, CGR, CHD, GL and AC 5 characters reached significant or highly significant. The mid-parent value of CHD was the highest,to 39.3%,GL is the lowest,only 1.5%;The mid-parent value of ASV reached negative significant, -23.4%; Addition to BRR,MRR,GW and AC was not significant,The better-parent value of the other seven characters reached negative significant or highly significant,which were as follow:ASV(-70.4%),TR(-26.8%),CHD(-12.2%),CGR (-10.9%),HMRR (-10.5%),GL(-6.8%),L/W(-4.9%).4.The results of genetic correlations of main yield and quality characters of the hybrid rice with new resources showed that:The characters which reached additive and dominance correlations were significant or highly significant, and the two gender-related in the same direction were follow as GWP with SSR,PH with SP,FSP and GD,SP with FSP and GD,PP with GD,FSP with SSR and GD,TGW with GD. The characters which reached additive and dominance correlations were significant or highly significant and the two gender-related in the different direction were follow as SNL with GWP,PH,FSP and TGW,PP with TGW. The characters which reached additive and dominance correlations were significant or highly significant, and the two gender-related in the same direction were follow as CGR with MRR,CHD,ASV and AC,CHD with ASV and AC. The characters which reached additive and dominance correlations were significant or highly significant and the two gender-related in the different direction were follow as GW with HMRR,GL,L/W and TR,L/W with ASV and AC,HMRR with AC. The additive and dominance correlations of GWP with AC and MRR reached significant,the additive correlations of GW with ASV reached significant,the dominance correlations of GW with BRR,CGR,CHD and ASV reached significant.