Isolation, Identification And Decomposing Characteristices Of Cellulose-Degrading Microorganism From Biological Soil Crust Of Hunshandake Desert

Not only is the Cellulose-degrading microorganism an important composition of the desert soil, but also it is the pioneer microorganisms in the reparative process of desertificated sandlot and the Driven microorganisms of the formation of innocuous soil. The importance of cellulose-degrading microorganism embodied a concentrated expession of the significant bioprocess that stabilized and repaired the desert ecosystem, in other words, it is the formation process of biological crust from sandlot.This paper employed the biological crust from soil of Hunshandake Desert as the materials, collected different biological crust samples and the soil from 1cm of rhizosphere from partial biological crust characteristic plants, such as Nitraria and Caragana.Then added up the number of bacteria, fungi and cellulose-degrading microorganism by the way of traditional cultural method, separated and indentificated the culturable cellulose-degrading microorganism, in order to analyze the varietal rule of cellulose-degrading microorganism communities from soil crust and reveal the function of them in the process of formation and maitaining energy recycle of matter.Our research found that the quantity of culturable bacteria and cellulose degrading microorganisms present a regularity of spring>summer>autumn as the season alternated; the culturable fungus and cellulose-degrading microorganism present a regularity of summer > spring >autumn; The ratio of cellulose-degrading microorganism among the community showed smaller change as the alternation of seasons, which indicated that the cellulose-degrading microorganisms had an important effect on the stabilization and maintenance of biological crust ecosystem.16 bacterias and 8 fungus were screened from cellulose-degrading bacterias samples by the selective medium. After the intergrated analysis of the colonial morphology characteristics and the analysis of their rDNA sequences, draw the primary conclusion that 16 cellulose-degrading bacterias are derived from seven genus including bacillus. streptomyces. and brevundimonas. Etc, of which bacillus and Streptomyces are the preponderance genus of cellulose-degrading bacterial community of biological soil crust from Hunshandake Desert; the 8 strains of fungus are derived from 6 genus including penicillium, eupenicillium and mucor etc, of which penicillium.and eupenicillium. are the preponderance genus of cellulose-degrading fungus community of biological soil crust from Hunshandake Desert.The enzymic activity of HD0903,HD0906,HD0908,HD09016 are determined by the method of hydrolysis activity of congo red and DNS method, the result shows that the enzymic activity of HD0916 is the highest, which reached 14.33U/mL. Compared to the other reports, HD0916 is a strain of cellulose degrading microorganism with higher enzymic activity and has certain value for utilization.