Study On Physiological And Biochemical And Preliminary In Blossom Process Of Rhododendron Hybrides

Rhododendron hybrids with ornamental flowers are precious. Rhododendron hybrides at different blossoming stages was chosen as the material. Study on Physiological and Biochemical and Preliminary in blossom process of Rhododendron hybrids and flower specific pigments; explore the rule in flowering and senescence process, components and basic properties of flower pigments. It is in order to provide importment theoretical references of prolonging florescence, improveing quality of flowering and purification and development and utilization of pigments. The main results were as follows:1.The process of flowering of Rhododendron hybrides included six phases: bud occurring colour stag, initial opening stage, initial full opening stage, full opening stage, final full opening stage and wilting stage.2.The bud occurring colour stag of 3 varieties of Rhododendron hybrids: the early-blooming type is between Mar. 20st and Mar. 25th; the mid-blooming type is between Apr. 9th and Apr. 12th; and the late-blooming type is between Apr. 24th and Apr. 26th. The florescence about persist 25 d, 20 d, 18 d respectively.3.In the blossom process, colours of petals turn light with the senescence process. The petal is Initial Senescence. It shows that pedicel start downward bend, the edge of petal folden, flowers drop and Start falling.4.In the blossom process, the changes of protective enzymes SOD and POD in cells of 3 varieties are consistent. It shows that increases firstly, and ups to maximum at full opening stage, the activity declines sharply at final full opening stage.5.In the blossom process, O2- of petals of 3 varieties of Rhododendron hybrids continue to produce with the senescence process. Lead to reinforce membrane lipid peroxidation, increase the content of MDA, extravasae a large number of cell protoplasm, destroy cell membrane integrity, augment permeability.6.In the blossom process, cells have accumulated a large number of soluble sugar and protein at early bloom stage. It conduces to the conduct of flowering. With the senescence process, due to respiration rate speeding up, protein hydrolysis enzymes riseing, soluble sugar and protein content decline sharply, and free amino acid content increase.7.Colour reactions and UV-visible spectra indicate that the flower color pigments of Rhododehdron hybridum are flavonoids, excluding chalcones, aurones, flavanones, flavanonols and probably including flavones, anthocyanin and its anthocyanidin.8.Analyze on solubility, resistance to acid, alkali, light heat and valence metal ion indicate that the flower pigments is water-soluble and unstable at high temperature, under direct sunlight or in alkaline environment. The presence of high valence metal ions, such as Fe3+, could reduce the stability of the pigment.