Research On The Application Of Precise Pesticides Spraying System Of Plant Target-Aiming Based On Microwave Detecting Technique

Spraying technology is concerned about by the countries of the world as the important consent of agricultural control technology of pests and diseases damage. Currently the international trend of spraying technology is precision, low volume and target-aiming. Pesticides can be sprayed precisely and accurately in the target by precise pesticides spraying. To achieve precise pesticides spraying, the primary question and key technology is target detecting, then build a matched up intelligent spraying system. Based on the current pesticide using situation, this paper analyzed the situation and developing trend of plant protection machinery and pesticide spraying technology, combined with state of China, then listed and contrasted advantages and disadvantages, feasibility and economic applicability of several kinds of target detecting technologies, made feasible and experimental researches on microwave detecting technology applied in plant target detecting.According to the analysis of microwave properties and the theory of microwave detecting technology, the paper designed precise pesticides spraying system of plant target-aiming based on microwave detecting. The electronic control system of the pesticides spraying system was designed in this paper. The electronic control system combined with the distance of target and the speed of the vehicle to control spraying switch which was controlled by a MCU to realize precise target-aiming spraying by means of microwave sensor detecting the target and speed sensor detecting the speed of the vehicle, then realized the display of the distance of the target and the speed of the vehicle.During the research of precise target-aiming detecting based on the microwave detecting technology, firstly taken the simulate target as the research object, the researches of influence factor in using microwave target-aiming detecting had been done according to the physical factor of target size, light intensity, temperature and humidity. Secondly taken the real plant as the research object, the researches of detecting effect in using microwave target-aiming detecting and selecting different kinds of plants with the same detecting method had been done according to the shape of different plants and plant space. As different species of plants have individual differences, therefore the experiment made real detecting on the plant of the tall tree, the shrub and the herb respectively and analyzed the unique characteristics of different plants of microwave target-aiming detecting. Finally, the contracts of experiment were made between microwave and infrared detecting and the advantages of microwave detecting applied to the plant precise target-aiming pesticides spraying were analyzed. According to the above work, it got the following conclusions:1. The detecting distance and range doesn't change obviously in the environmental condition of different light intensity, temperature and humidity. That is these environmental conditions being little effect on microwave detecting.2. The obvious influence factor for the detecting effect is the shape of the plant when the microwave detecting sensor is applied to detect plants. The more densely the plants grow, the larger the reflection area is, the stronger the reflection of microwave signals is, the larger the detecting distance and range are and the better the detecting effect is. Moreover there is a varying law that the detecting range first decreases and then increases with the detecting distance increasing. It shows that the microwave detecting system is more suitable for the plants with compact leaves and dense branches in detecting.3. Although different species of plant have their unique characteristics in microwave detecting results, they also have some similarities. The detecting range basically conforms to the law that varies first decreasing and then increasing. There is a certain correlation between the plant space and the resolution of sensor. They increase or decrease together. The closer the plant from the detector is, the higher resolution of sensor is.4. The detecting distance of microwave detecting is farther than infrared detecting for the same plant when applying to the plant target-aiming detecting, there is little effect for the nature light and higher resolution comparing to the infrared detecting. So the microwave detecting has a better performance of adaptability and applicability.The capacity of microwave detecting system and the law of affecting factors were quested, effect of affecting factors for detection results when doing microwave target-aiming detection with real plants were researched, and detections of different kinds of plants were done in this paper, all of which provided putting forward a optimization target program match up to the intellective target-aiming spraying control system practiced on real plants for a theoretical basis and technological base, and provided datum for the construction of classific plant microwave detection database, meanwhile had a theoretical contribution for industrialization of target-aiming spraying technology, improvement of agricultural ecological environment and achieve the high efficiency and low pollution agriculture operations.