Studies On The Physiological Regulations Of The Drought-resistant And Water-saving Agents Used In The Relay-planting System Of "Potato/Maize/Sweet Potato"

In order to investigate Physiological Regulation of the drought-resistant and water-saving agents in the relay-planting system of "potato/maize/sweet potato", we used Hanluzhibao, ASA and FA to treat the crops and studied the influence of these agents on the crop, such as growing period, soil moisture, photosynthetic index (net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, chlorophyll content, leaf area index), drought resistance index, osmotic adjustment (proline, malondialdehyde), membrane protection system (peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase), economic efficiency and so on. The main results were as follows:1. The experiment showed that the physiological and biochemical indexes even the growth and development indicators were no significant difference between control and the fresh water treatment crops, so we could rule out the effects of fresh water in further researches.2. Hanluzhibao, ASA and FA could effectively reduce the seedling developing stage in the relay-planting system of "potato/maize/sweet potato", and delay the late stage of growth and development. Among the three agents, Hanluzhibao was the best, ASA second, and FA was the third. Hanluzhibao, ASA and FA could reduce the seedling developing stage of the potato of 11 days,7 days, and 1 day respectively, reduce the corn seedling developing stage of 32 days,29 days, 21 days respectively, reduce the sweet potato seedling developing stage of 26 days,20 days and16 days respectively. Hanluzhibao, ASA and FA could delay the potato late growth stage for 19 days, 12 days,4 days respectively, delay the maize late growth stage for 6 days,4 days,1 day, delay the sweet potato late growth stage for 12 days,8 days,6 days. Finally, we found that the three kinds of drought-resistant and water-saving agents could slow the growing period of potato (Hanluzhibao, 8-day extension, ASA were 5 days, FA were 3 days), and reduce the growing period of the maize and sweet potato (maize was 26 days,25 days,20 days respectively, sweet potato was 14 days,12 days,10 days respectively).3. As the strengthening of drought stress, the drought-resistant and water-saving agents could maintain a certain degree of soil moisture for crop growth and development. The result showed that the effection of Hanluzhibao was the best(the soil water content was 5.86%-9.95% higher than CK), ASA was the second (the soil water content was 2.37%-4.05% higher than CK),FA was the third (the soil water content was 0.41%-1.29% higher than CK).4. The results showed that the Hanluzhibao, ASA and FA had effect on the Photosynthesis of crops. They could significantly increase the net photosynthesis rate, inhibit the ineffective transpiration, slow the downtrend of chlorophyll content and leaf area index. ASA was the best in all aspects, Hanluzhibao was better in increasing the leaf area index, FA was the third in all direction.5. In Overall, Hanluzhibao, ASA and FA had significant effects on the osmotic adjusting and Membrane protective enzyme system. They could significantly reduce the proline and malondialdehyde content, increased the activity of POD, SOD and CAT. On the whole, Hanluzhibao was the best, followed by ASA, FA was the worst.6. The drought-resistant and water-saving agents could improve the crops drought resistance index, which ultimately enhance the ability of the response to drought stress. The drought resistance indexes of potato, maize, and sweet potato were highly significant or significant by Hanluzhibao treatment, the effects of ASA and FA on sweet potato and maize were aslo highly significant and significant.7. Hanluzhibao, ASA and FA could improve the output of crops in the relay-planting system. In the yield and benefit increasing aspect, Hanluzhibao siginificantly increased economic benefit by increasing yield 66.7% and increasing income 3809.2yuan/hm~2 respectively, while ASA increased production and by 47.6% and raising income 3350.8 yuan/hm~2 respectively and FA was the worst (22.7%,1259.4yuan/hm~2). In the total income increase, the Hanluzhibao was the best (8657.2 yuan/hm~2), followed by ASA (7952.6 yuan/hm~2), FA was the worst (4750 yuan/hm~2). On the whole, the three types of agents could improve the economic factor of sweet potato, and the effects were ranked as follows:ASA (35.67%)＞Hanluzhibao (30.60%)＞FA (29.83%). 8. Three drought-resistant and water-saving agents were effective on the economic characters and Physiological and Biochemical. On the whole, Hanluzhibao was the best, second was ASA, FA was the worst. If we selected different drought-resistant and water-saving agents for different crops, we should choose ASA to deal with potato and sweet potato, and choose Hanluzhibao to treat maize.