| Along with the constantly adjustment of agricultural structure in our country, large-scale and intensive livestock farming which had developed a stable main force in china, However, Majority of animal manure was not reasonable used as resource, which had been disposed or discharged leaded to environment pollution and greatly impacted on ecological environment. In addition, The straw produced accounted for a large proportion in organic soild waste in rural, many farmers burned surplus straw each year, which not only caused a serious of waste resources but also brang more negative effects. animal manure and straw had become main soure of agriculture non-point source pollution, which was the major breakthrough in control eutrophication.Composting technology was one of solutions in control rural non-point source pollution, which had advantage in material source easily,composting sites without restriction,improve rural living environment and reduce agicultural production costs.More study on migration and transformation of N, P in composting pile on abroad and home,However,Less study on runoff,In order to further improved the composting process effect on environment, The study used different household composting system which including non-covered treatment,plastic covered treatment,straw covered treatment and soil covered treatment. Evalution on migration and transformation of N, P and environment effect in different household composting system,Focus on testing the loss of N of leaching and runoff the number and types of microbiology change which provided theoretical basis to reduce agriculture pollution and environmental behavior of N. The main conclusion included as following:After composting 120 days,the TN on surface runoff in plastic covered treatment in household composting system was 6.00μg/mL in the end of composting. ammonia nitrogen was 1.71μg/mL, nitrate nitrogen was 0.15μg/mL, TP was 0.45μg/mL, AP was 0.04μg/mL, so, plastic covered treatment was the recommendation model on reduce loss of surface runoff in N, P. Household composting system were leached by Simulated acid rain(pH4.7) which obtained plastic covered treatment was the lowest loss on underground leach of N,P.After household composting, the indicators of soil all increased. plastic covered treatment and soil covered treatment were the most significant in soil fertilization. the increase of TN on soil of plastic covered treatment in household composting system was 469.19μg/g, the increase of ammonia nitrogen on soil was 19.85μg/g, The increase of nitrate nitrogen on soil was 5.41μg/g, the increase of TP on soil was 106.25μg/g, the increase of AP on soil was 5.19μg/g, after composting pH, conductivity, organic matter content, available K showed a significant increase trend, but water content decreased. Therefore, plastic cover treatment and soil cover treatment can be used as household composting system recommendation model.The process of composting in household composting system the trend of TN decreased first and then rise, the trend of ammonia nitrogen rise first and then decrease,finally stable. The trend of nitrate nitrogen gradually decreased and finally stable,the bacteria showed the trend of low-high-low, the trend of actinomycetes similar with bacteria, fungi exhibited increasing trend. Cellulase activity and urease activity were increased at first and then gradually decline.Finally, on the one hand, the paper pointed out that in following research process should be study early on surface runoff and underground leach of N, P analysis.on the other hand, the study on enzyme activity of composting only selected the most two important enzymes that cellulase activity and urease activity for the reason time.the research in the area needs to further improve the compost quality. |
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