| 122 soil samples were collected from the Ganzi state.Quantities of fungi were determined with the dilution plate technique.The soil fungi were identified and the correlations between fungi quantities and climates areas and evaluation and soil ecological factors which included soil fertility,land-use type were analyzed by using the software of SPSS.According to quantities,communities and their distribution,the fungi diversity was also studied.Potential which could antagonize to pathogen was also analyzed.Fungi quantity ranged from 1.41cfu·g-1 dry soil to 1.16×104cfu·g-1 dry soil.In different regions,fungi quantities from high to low were as follows:Jiulong(1.6527×104 cfu·g-1 dry soil)＞Derong(1.2423×104 cfu·g-1 dry soil)＞Baiyu(0.5531×104 cfu·g-1 dry soil)＞Shiqu (0.524×104 cfu·g-1 dry soil)＞Kangding(0.4279×104 cfu·g-1 dry soil)＞Batang(0.1749×104 cfu·g-1 dry soil)＞Ganzi(0.0699×104 cfu·g-1 dry soil)＞Danba(0.0693×104 cfu·g-1 dry soil)＞Luhuo(0.0569×104 cfu·g-1 dry soil)＞Daofu(0.0493×104 cfu·g-1dry soil)＞Daocheng (0.0213×104 cfu·g-1 dry soil).In different soil fertility,clay soil(0.4896×104 cfu·g-1 dry soil)＞loam soil(0.376×104 cfu·g-1 dry soil)＞sand soil(0.3462×104 cfu·g-1 dry soil).In different land patterns,forest land(0.1482×104 cfu·g-1 dry soil)＞grass sand(0.148×104cfu·g-1 drysoil)＞Wasteland(0.1078×104cfu·g-1 dry soil).In different climate areas,warm temperate areas (1069.785±2641.723 cfu·g-1 dry soil)＞Boreal areas(364.439±881.13 cfu·g-1 dry soil)＞Sub-boreal areas(168.439±246.88 cfu·g-1 dry soil)＞Temperate areas(130.855±171.535 cfu·g-1 dry soil).In different elevation,the highest quantity of soil fungi is from hight of 2496 to 3492m(977.554±2328.262 cfu·g-1 dry soil).A total of 361 fungi isolates were collected from the soil in the Ganzi state.Among the identified genera,Penicillium spp.,Trichoderma spp.,Mucor spp.,Aspergillus spp., Cladosporium spp.,Gliocladium spp.,yeast,Rhizopus sp.and Acremonium sp.were isolated more frequently at the rate of 57.38%,36.07%,27.87%,9.836%,16.39%,13.93%, 13.11%,13.11%and 8.197%in these samples,respectively.There proportions of quantity were 22.44%,12.74%,9.695%,8.864%,6.648%,4.709%,4.432%,4.432%and 4.432%, respectively.Effects of fungi on the two main culture medium were discussed.10 soil samples were randomly selected for comparing Colophony needle medium with Martin medium.Using mixed bacteria method on the two media for isolation of soil fungi.In general,the number of fungi growing in Martin culture and in the Colophony needle culture was approximately equal, that is,they're both fit for fungi growing.Using different medium to culture the same soil sample,Martin medium showed more restraining to colony comparing with Colophony needle culture.But Colophony needle culture is more fit for identifiying fungi.They both have the effect on restraining to actinomyces and bacteria,which are in favor of culture,isolating and identification.The quantitive of fungi had a positive correlation with the abundance(S) and Shannon-wiener's diversity(H').Also had a negative correlation with the Pielou's evenness (E) and dominance index(D).The correlation of the abundance(S),Shannon-wiener's dversity(H'),Pielou's evenness(E) and dominance index(D) were 0.934,0.800,-0.710, -0.643,respectively,and were all normal.In addition,the relationship was noticed between soil fungi quantities and community diversity.46 Trichoderma isolates were isolated from the Ganzi state.The test of hyphal growth rate showed that most of Trichoderma strains grew rapidly,and were stronger competitor for space and nutrition resource.The result of dual culture showed that the highest inhibition rates of hyphal growth of Trichoderma against S.rolfsii and R.solani were 70.18%and 64.37%, which was defined as aureoviride.Among the test of inhibition,the metabolites of T2 showed higher inhabiton rates to both S.rolfsii and R.solani,at the rate of 73.68%and 72.99%. |
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