| Park green space is the boutique of urban green space and the main forms of modern city garden in city , and plays an important role in urban ecology, landscape, culture, leisure and risk mitigation. It charges with not only protecting and improving the functions of the city's ecological environment, but also greening, landscaping and making the urban environment incense, to provide the public with a comfortable, casual space. The park green land, a kind of city green land , can mostly embody the functions of various types of green space in urban green space, its quantity, area, spatial layout etc. directly affect the urban environment quality and the resting activities to be carried by urban residents. In the process of construction of urban park green space, how to base on the "people-oriented" concept and better play its role has become a focus of concern.This paper takes the major parks in Zhengzhou City as the research object ,uses land satellite QuickBird images covering Zhengzhou City as the main source of data, takes into account Zhengzhou City Green Space Census organized by Zhengzhou City Gardens Bureau in 2007 to gain plaque area and perimeter of the basic patch information and applies ArcMap and Excel softwares to gain the values of landscape indexes. Taking a park as a patch and as a basic research unit, using Landscape Ecology Theory and Method, by comparing and analysing landscape diversity index, landscapc dominance index, evenness index, fragmentation index, isolation index and other urban landscape diversity indexes, the thesis researches the green landscape diversity of parks in Zhengzhou City, to explore the rational distribution of city parks based on areas in order to give full play its important role in the urban green space system to improve the urban ecological environment, and provide reference for Zhengzhou City parks and green land planning, urban green space landscape ecological planning, urban ecological construction. The results show that:(1) Gradually improving parks greenland system of Zhengzhou City ,to a large extent, fills and relieves ecological imbalance caused by lack of natural elements of the city .Emphasizing the construction of the eco-park,it is easy that Zhengzhou becomes a forest landscape city step by step, adds a beautiful style to the Central Plains and has enriched the connotation of the Central Plains culture.(2) At present, the green landscape diversity index is not high in Zhengzhou City. There is some room for improvement in various districts because of uneven development, such as green development issues. Sub-city studies have shown that the green landscape in the old city is controled by a certain landscape type to varying degrees, green landscape type is very uneven in area distribution, the types of urban green landspace are incomplete, the green landspace system can not adequately achieve its ecological functions, so we should construct more green space types.(3) The park green landspace of Zhengzhou City is uneven in distribution. Green streets are 67, mainly in Zhengdong New District ,Jinshui and Guancheng Districts, their amounts are 20,14,13 in proper order , respectively, accounting for 29.85%, 20.9%, 19.4% of the total number of Green streets ; Small parks are 86, mainly in Guancheng,Jinshui and Erqi Districts, their numbers are 25, 21, 17 in proper order, respectively, accounting for 29.07%, 24.42%, 19.7%7 of the total number of Small parks, while the other districts are very few or no plaques. There are no strip parks Special parks and large and medium-sized parks in Erqi District. In addition, there are no strip parks in Zhongyuan and Huiji Districts. There are no large and parks and medium-sized strip parks in Huiji Districts. Zhengdong New District is the lack of Special parks; Economic and technological development District is lack of special parks, street parks, large parks and large and medium-sized park; hi-tech development District has no special parks, Genera parks, large parks and large and medium-sized parks; the small and medium-sized parks have a relatively uniform distribution in various districts. (4) The amounts of parks and coverage rates of park green landscape are different among different districts. There are complete types and high diversification in Jinshui, Zhongyuan, Guancheng and Zhengdong New Districts, but there exists serious uneven on on park green landscape distribution. Erqi and Huiji Districts are short of some types of park green space and low in diversity, despite they have the relatively higher coverage rates. Economic and technological developmen District and high-tech development District are lowest on coverage rates of park green space and serious lack of parks, so their diversity greatly reduce. Zhengdong New District is the highest on the coverage of park green landscape, amounting to 5.80%, followed by Zhongyuan District, 3.14%, followed by other districts : Jinshui District, Guancheng District, Erqi District, Economic and technological development District, hi-tech development District, respectively, 2.68%, 2.52%, 1.56%, 0.81%, 0.58%.(5) Seen from the landscape diversity, the large-scale park are rich in resources and has good ecological value in Jinshui District, but its landscape diversity index is 2.3133, which is lower than 3.2442,the one of Zhengdong New District; the evenness index of Jinshui District was 0.6406, lower than 0.8855, the one of Zhengdong New District, which is due to Zhengdong New District has complete landscape types, the area of park green landspace allocation more uniform, landscape diversity and evenness are higher; Erqi District, Huiji District, economic and technological development District and high-tech park development District have imcomplete types, concept diversity index and evenness index are lower; Zhongyuan District and Guandcheng District are lower on diversity index and evenness index, but they have complete landscape types.(6) Seen from the patch diversity, the overall fragmentation index F N1 is 0.0131, the level of urban ecology is low. the patch density index of Small parks is 2.4307, highest among all types of park green landscapes, the hightest degree of fragmentation, mainly because park green landscape is affected by human disturbance and caused in the process of urbanization.The park green landscape fractal dimension is generally low in Zhengzhou city, which is not good for conduction of urban green landscape diversity, improvement and conservation of biological diversity.(7) Seen from the pattern of diversity, the separation of the various types is low, the separation of the all districts is also low.Park service is greatly improved, but still not perfect.To sum up,Huiji Distict is rich in green resources but not high on landscape diversity.In the light of a large number of unused green space resources this distict, we may make full use of these resources to plan some community parks and recreational area and have them evenly distributed as far as possible, thereby,to enhance both landscape diversity and evenness Park green space.The landscape diversity is highest in zhengdong New Distric, but there are still some service blind spot in the east and the north of it.we may plan some some large, medium and small parks in these blind spot, to further improve the park landscape pattern. High-tech Development Distric and Economic and Technological Development Distric is short of park types,and have a lot of service blind spots ,because there are also much unused land in these two districts.We could consider and plan one or two large-scale comprehensive parks in the central area of two districts, and intersperse some community parks and recreational parks to provide residents with opportunities for contact with nature to create a safe, comfortable, clean, quiet living environment.Jinshui,Erqi, Zhongyuan and Chengguan Districts are lack of Untapped green land for possession of are extremely limited, so we could consider green mode in air. |
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