Dry Matter Accumulation, Nitrogen Nutrition And Diagnosis Of Super-High-yield Wheat

Effect of nitrogen fertilizer on wheat yield ,population dynamic, dry matter accumulation and distribution, nitrogen uptake were counducted with two typical wheat varities( Yumai 49-198 and Lnakoa aizao 8) and five nitrogen rates in Wen County and the Lankao County through field experiment , and the feasibility of nitrogen nutrition diagnosis using SPAD, Plant nitrate concentration, the high spectral analysis ,and soil nitrate nitrogen content were discussed, the main result was as follows:1. Yumai 49-198 got the highest yield at the nitrogen rate of 270 kg/hm2, the yield in Wen Xian and Lankao is 9523.0 kg/hm2, 9866.7 kg/hm2, and Lan Kaoaizaoba got the highest yield at the nitrogen rate of 180 kg/hm2, the yield in Wen Xian and Lankao is 9258.4 kg/hm2, 9831.7 kg/hm2.2. Yumai 49-198 and Lan Kaoaizaoba reach the highest population quantity at the jointing stage. There exist significant difference among different nitrogen rates after jointing stage on Yumai 49-198; But there is no remarkable difference among different nitrogen rates during whole growing stage.3. Yumai 49-198 get the highest dry matter accumulation at the nitrogen rate of 270 kg/hm2,while Lankao aizao 8 get the highest dry matter accumulation at the nitrogen rate of 180 kg/hm2. From jointing to anthesis stage,wheat get the highest dry matter accumulation, the next is from anthesis to maturity stage.The stem sheath does the material assignment to be most, the leaf blade are least. Yumai 49-198 various vegetative organ does the material assignment to be big by 270 kg/hm2 nitrogen level under, Lankao short eight is early big by 180 kg/hm2 nitrogen level under.All does the material transfer rate and the technical progress factor by 180 kg/hm2 nitrogen level under is big, the Henan wheat 49-198 respectively is 17.5%-23.4% and 22.1%-35.3%, Lankao short eight respectively is early 21.8%-27.9%, with 26.8%-46.8%.4. In the whole period the wheat nitrogen cumulant increases unceasingly, after the jointing the nitrogen absorbing capacity approximately composes to the nitrogen total absorbing capacity 2/3.The Yumai 49-198 various spots nitrogen content, the shift quantity, the technical progress factor are all biggest by 270 kg/hm2 nitrogen level under, but the Lankao short eight pieces are early biggest by 180 kg/hm2 nitrogen level under.The nitrogen shift quantity and between Shi Danliang conforms to a Yuan quadratic equation, also with the grain output remarkable correlation, after the flower the nitrogen assimilation quantity and between Shi Danliang does not have the obvious rule.Increases along with the nitrogenous fertilizer amount used, nitrogen absorption efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency, nitrogenous fertilizer leaning productive forces remarkable drop.The Yumai 49-198 every 100 kilogram output nitrogen carries off the quantity, the nitrogenous fertilizer works as the season use factor all is highest by 270 kg/hm2 nitrogen level under; Lankao short eight is early highest by 180 kg/hm2 nitrogen level under.The nitrogen agronomy efficiency all is highest by 180 kg/hm2 nitrogen level under, under 360 kg/hm2 nitrogen level is lowest, but between the different nitrogen level the difference is not remarkable.5. Yumai 49-198 when 270 kg/hm2 nitrogen level the adult plant nitrate achieves in a big way, but Lankao short eight the nitrate achieves early under 180 kg/hm2 nitrogen level in a big way.The different nitrogen level and the variety the SPAD difference is not remarkable.Spectral analysis wheat crown level NDVI and the RVI value all indicated after the quantity fertilizer achieved 180kg/hm2, the value tends to stably.6. The soil nitric nitrogen content horizontal and between the different soil layer the difference is remarkable in the different nitrogen, the difference is not remarkable between the wheat different variety. Yumai 49-198 blossoms with the Lankao short eight apparent mineralization quantity - the harvesting time to be highest early.Increases along with the nitrogenous fertilizer amount used, the soil nitrogen apparent loss and the nitrogen addition to surplus, the Henan wheat 49-198 occupies in Wen County and the Lankao nitrogen apparent loss the nitrogenous fertilizer amount used 32.56%-51.84%, -16.7%-42.6%, Lankao short eight separately occupies early the nitrogenous fertilizer amount used 18.58%-52.94%, - 11.5%-45.8%.Looked from this research that, the proper attention to both output and the environment effect suitable nitrogenous fertilizer amount used is 180 kg/hm2,0-90cm soil nitric nitrogen tired content should not surpass 120-140 kg/hm2.