Componential Analysis Of Tephrosia Vogelii Hook F.Seed And Study On Its Oil And Protein

With seeds of Tephrosia vogelii as raw materials, part physical characteristics, chemical macro component, content of flavone, extraction of T. vogelii seed oil and scavenging free radial activity of its oil were analyzed in this paper, constitutes of fatty acid and glyceride oil were also determined by method of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-mass slective detector with electrospray ionization, ion trap, and the nutritional evaluation about oil was conducted. In addition, the study also focuses on extraction, composition, of protein from T. vogelii seed, functional properties of seeds protein groups, composition of amino acid, digestibility in vitro and enzymatic hydrolysis of protein from T. vogelii seed, The findings are as follows:1. T. vogelii seed is a kind of legume seeds with high lipid and protein content.The flavonoid content determined by method of ultra-violet spectrophotometry in T. vogelii seed was 7.777mg/g, The flavonoid content in ether extract of T. vogelii seed was 17.172mg/mL, The flavonoids content was 6.426mg/g in residue of T. vogelii seed through ether extraction, Compared with other food materials such as soybean, the T. vogelii Hook f.seeds contain more flavonoids.2. Ether is the optimum solvent for extracting T. vogelii. seed oil. Among the four oil extracting method, the effect of ultrasonic assisted extraction and supercritical carbon dioxide fluid extraction were better than the other two. T.vogelii seed whose indexes all accorded with Chinese edible soybean oil standard contained high amount of fat and protein and were rich with human essential linoleic acid and linolenic acid.3. The different scavenging effect on DPPH·,·OH, O2-·and lipid peroxidation system under the condition of experiment for oil from T.vogelii seeds was 88.54%, 82.04%, 10.49%, 37.19%, respectively, Hence, the oil from T.vogelii seeds indicated a certain extent antioxidant effect in vivo.4.The optimum extracting process of protein from T.vogelii seeds analysed by method of response surface design were that liquid-solid ratio(mL/g)was 1:36, extraction temperature 40℃, extracting time143min, pH11.0 during the the process of alkali dissolution, the pH during acid precipitation was 4.0, extracting ratio of protein from T.vogelii seedreached 81.65%。 5.The protein from T. vogelii seed was mainly composed of albumin, globulin, gliadin, and glutelin. Isoelectric point of each seed protein group was different, isoelectric point of albumin was pH 4.3, globulin pH5.1, gliadin pH 4.7, glutelin pH 3.5~3.8. The solubility of albumin, globulin, gliadin, glutelin was the worst at pH4, pH5, pH5 and pH4,respectively. SDS-PAGE showed that total protein and the four solubility fractions from T.vogelii seed had different polypeptide compositions.The solubility, foamability and emulsifying properties of albumin and glutelin at pH4, and that of globulin and gliadin at pH5 were worse but their foam and emulsion stability were better. Meanwhile, their water-and oil-holding capabilities were better.8.The protein from T. vogelii seeds contained 18 kinds of amino acid, including 8 varieties of essential amino acid for human needs.The protein from T. vogelii seeds digestibility in vitro was 89.86%. The better hydrolases of protein from T. vogelii Hook f. seeds were pepsin and papain. The optimum technical conditions of double enzyme hydrolysis was as follows: pepsin and papain were added simultaneously, a pepsin and papain was 1:3, enzyme amount 5.0%, olid-liquid ratio 1:22.5, 50℃, pH7.0, taking time 4.0h, the degree of hydrolysis was over 38.93%.Thus it can be seen that the oil and protein from T. vogelii Hook f. seeds had the great and potential application value as food for human and feed for animals.