Resources Investigation Of Natural Wild Cordyceps Taishanensis And Studies Of Chinese Caterpillar Fungus

Taishan Mountain is located in the middle of Shandong Province,belongs to warm temperate monsoon climate area, has four distinct climate seasons, the average temperature is 5.3℃, mean annual precipitation is 1132 millimeters, altitude difference is 1400 meters, is rich in flora and fauna resources. The vegetation cover of Taishan is warm-temperate vegetation deciduous broad-leaved forest, it has rich vegetation cover and complete species, the forest cover rate is 81.5%, the vegetation cover rate is 90%, it has plenty of natural wild edible and medical fungus resources.Cordyceps taishanensis is one of precious resources of Taishan, natural wild Cordyceps militaris is one of the typical types, attach to Ascomycota, Pyrenomycetes, Clavioipitales, Clavicipitaceae, Cordyceps. They have high medicinal value and health function, and were gathered immoderately by people in recent years, wild resources become gradually exhausted. In order to protect and full development and utilization of the natural resources of Taishan, Institute of Environment biology and Insect resources, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University did a great deal works of investigation and research of wild Cordyceps taishanensis.In this paper, we summarized systematically of the concept of Cordyceps, the current situation of Cordyceps sinensis, Cordyceps militaris and Cordyceps taishanensis. We collected three different hostes of wild Cordyceps taishanensis also studied on the Cordyceps Strains. Cultivate sporophore with the rice culture medium, did cross inoculation testes on six kinds of insects, larvae of Clanis bilineata Walker, pupae of Tenebrio molitor, pupae of Hyphantria cunea, larvae of superworm, larvae of Potosia (liocola) brevitarsis (Levis) and larvae of Hercules Beetle etc. Train out sporophore with parasitic insects on larvae of Clanis bilineata Walker, pupae of Tenebrio molitor and pupae of Hyphantria cunea.The three original parasitic insect vectores which collected on Taishan were Phalera assimilis Bremer et Grey, Parasa consocia Walker, Marumba sperchius Menetries. The five strains that isolated from Phalera assimilis Bremer et Grey Cordyceps militaris, After separation and purification comparative observation culture characters, the results showed that five strains although have a slightly different but were the same Cordyceps Strain, signed asⅠ, two strains from Parasa consocia Walker Cordyceps militaris, signed asⅡ, two strains from Marumba sperchius Menetries. Cordyceps militaris, signed asⅢ. The three strains were inoculated to the rice culture, the results showed thatⅠcan cultivate sporophore,Ⅱcan not cultivate primordia and sporophore,Ⅲcan cultivate primordia but no sporophore.The results of cross-inoculation show that,①the larvae of Clanis bilineata Walker inoculated strainⅠandⅢ, the insects all cultivate white aerial hypha and sporophore, inoculated strainⅢgrowth rate were faster thanⅠ, the insects that inoculatedⅡcan not cultivate white aerial hypha, decomposed and stink can not cultivate sporophore.②the pupae of Tenebrio molitor inoculated three strains, the insects all cultivate white aerial hypha and sporophore, strainⅠgrowth rate were faster, strainⅡandⅢslower.③the pupae of Hyphantria cunea inoculated three strains, the insects all cultivate white aerial hypha and sporophore, strainⅠgrowth rate were faster, strainⅡandⅢslower..④the larvae of superworm inoculated with three strains, the insects all cultivate white aerial hypha, decomposed and stink can not cultivate sporophore. strainⅠgrowth rate were faster than strainⅡandⅢ.⑤the larvae of Potosia (liocola) brevitarsis (Levis) and larvae of Hercules Beetle inoculated with three strains, can not cultivate white aerial hypha, decomposed and stink can not cultivate sporophore.This article provides the foundation for using original-parasitic insects artificial breeding genuine Cordyceps taishanensis. On the basis of artificial breeding Phalera assimilis Bremer et Grey, inoculated strainⅠin the pupae of Phalera assimilis Bremer et Grey, Artificial regulate the ecological environment, can produce real Cordyceps militaris, supply the market demand for a large number of wild Cordyceps militaris.