| Chinese pine(Pinus tabulaeformis Carr.) is one of the main forestation tree species of north China with the role of windbreak and sand fixation and improving the ecological environment. Chinese chestnut(Castanea mollissima B1) is a popular pomology in China.It favors light, humidity weather,resists harmful gas.It favors acid soil,resists cold and dry weather.Oriental oak(Quercus variabilis B1.) is a defoliate arbor,which can grow to a height of 25 meters; Oriental oak layer develops well,and the color of bark is black and slits.It favors deep soil layer,and hillside that drainages well.In recent years,the Chinese chestnut,not only has conserve soil and water,but also can increase the income of farmers.And it has become the government advocate of economic forest tree species planted in the establishment of ecological forest.At the same time,Chinese chestnut and cork oak belong to Fagaceae.Therefore,in order to further study on allelopathic effects of Chinese pine on Chinese chestnut and Oriental cork oak seedlings growth.It was possibility of biological control of plant diseases and insect pests of Chinese chestnut and to explore the feasibility of compliance with cultivation.This paper studies three Chinese pine extracts impacted on the seedlings of Chinese chestnut and Oriental cork.The studies selected extracts of leachates of litter,half decaying litter,surface layer soil as the test material though pot experiment in accordance with the design of concentration gradient 1:10,1:50,1:100.This paper used of photosynthetic indexes,the protection of enzyme activity and growth indicators,and the results are as follows:(1) Chinese pine forest leachates of litter,half decaying litter,surface layer soil effecting on Chinese chestnut and Oriental cork seedling growth had connected with seedling age.And we were told us 0.5a Chinese chestnut seedlings had remarkable different than 1.5a Oriental cork seedlings in the field of allelopathy.This conclusion is smaller planting seedlings has more obvious allelopathic effects.(2) Chinese pine forest leachates of litter,half decaying litter,surface layer soil effecting on Chinese chestnut seedling growth indicators showed a high concentration to restrain and low concentration to promote.And surface soil effect was the strongest,half decaying litter was stronger,but litter effect wasn't different with the control.Oriental cork seedling growth indicators showed that the all concentration had no significant with the control and need research and analysis in further.(3) Chinese pine forest leachates of litter,half decaying litter,surface layer soil effecting on Chinese chestnut and Oriental cork seedlings diurnal variation of photosynthetic measurement indicators.We were told that the litter,half decaying litter,surface layer soil effecting on Chinese chestnut and Oriental cork seedlings photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate both showed a single peak curve and no "break" phenomenon.In the 10:00 there was maximum peak,and in the 18:00 there was closing to "0" value.The litter,half decaying litter,surface layer soil effecting on Chinese chestnut and Oriental cork seedlings on the stomatal conductance showed a downward trend as a whole.(4) Chinese pine forest leachates of litter,half decaying litter,surface layer soil effecting on Chinese chestnut seedlings showed remarkable different on the values of chlorophyll fluorescence.That is,the surface soil,half decaying litter and litter showed the different in the 1:50 pm than the other concentration gradient;on Oriental cork seedlings values of chlorophyll fluorescence showed the impact of just a trend,that is,the promotion of high-low concentration inhibitory concentration trend.(5) Chinese pine forest leachates of litter,half decaying litter,surface layer soil effected on periodic sampling(leaf) of Chinese chestnut and Oriental cork seedlings and the protection enzyme set out that the results showed:Chinese pine forest leachates of litter,half decaying litter,surface layer soil remarkably effectted on the Chinese chestnut than on the Oriental cork seedlings.And the effect showed that surface was the obviously different;half decaying litter was the middle different and litter was the little different,and 1:50 over the role of other apparent concentration gradient.The innovation of this study is the use of the litter extract study allelopathic effects between Chinese chestnut and Chinese pine with contrasting on Oriental cork.Though the growth indicators of measurement and analysis,we advanced Chinese chestnut and Oriental cork. optimization of complex cultivation patterns with Chinese pine.
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