| How to pick a good horse? Chapter one of this thesis focus on this issue, descri bed the appearance identification the traditional Mongolian Horse Identification and have carried out scientific exploration. In the first experiment of Chapter two did polymorphism analysis on 4 exons of the COMT candidate gene of horse character with different varieties of horses using PCR-SSCP technique. In the second experiment, selected the second exon region 161 G> A of COMT gene, and did the experiment of single gene unit polymorphism associated about horse character, according to the results of the first experiment.Chapter two is mainly about laying foundation of the preliminary study on the heredity of horse character from perspective of molecular biology, and the study of horse character associated with modern molecular marker technologies. Further more to achieve to explore and perfect the ancient traditional experience theory .The results show that:1 The traditional Mongolian horse judgment said that according to the appearance of horses, the relationship between appearance of horses and the internal structure of horses, the secret features of horses and behavior pattern of horses determine the health status of horses, the adaptability on poor environment , the endurance capacity , the qualities(character) and the speed.2 according to the whole papers conceived an idea of screening plan of fast horses, the method of choosing fast horse from a crowd.3 the ideal fast horses body type structure is: the upright head, the straight neck, a high-long horse's mane, side chest is good looking chest, sight straight, wide chest, straight back and waist, if look from side, should be right buttocks, look from the back, should be round. The abdomen is good, and the hoof is good, look from the front and the side, limbs are upright. The above is ideal body structure of fast horses received from the form of questionnaires.4 According o the complete sequence of COMT gene of horse on the GeneBank (NW001800564), there are 4 exons of. For this 6 species of horse were studied and did polymorphism analysis using PCR-SSCP technique. The results are:(1) The first (site C1) and the third (site C3) are conservative; there is no polymorphism at all. But the second (site C2) and the forth (site C4) have polymorphism, the 4 gene is AA,AB and AA, BB. With the direct sequencing of different gene types, find that, there is 161 G>A of the second exon, 3 genetic mutation of the forth exon: C→A transversion on site 13, T→C transversion on site 120, and because of the C→G transversion allele A turned into allele B.(2) Site C2 of 6speicies horses have AA and A advantage gene type and advantage allel gene., moreover, the barhu horse, the ujumuqin horse, the xinihe horse, the sanhe horse, the pure blood horse and the wushen horse are in the situation of Hardy-Weinberg balance (P>0.05). On the site of C4 appears AA and BB two typys of gene. All of them have the advantage gene AA and advantage allel A except for the pure blood horse. It has the advantage gene of BB and advantage allel B. The analysis of Hardy-Weinberg shows that, besides the barhu horse, the the xinihe horse, the sanhe horse, the pure blood horse , the wushen horse and the ujumuqin horse (P<0.01).have no Hardy-Weinberg balance, the barhu horse (P>0.05) is in the Hardy-Weinberg balance.(3)From the PIC value and the heterozygosis of two sites, on the site C2, the wushen horse is the highest, but on the site of C4, the pure blood is the highest, and all of them are in medium polymorphism.5 The polymorphism of the second exon of horse COMT gene has significant deviation with the competitive of horse, and no significant deviation with other characters of horse. The AB type is significantly higher from the AA type (P<0.05).The competitive of the AB type is stronger. |
