A Preliminary Study Of Germplasm Characteristics On Xinjiang Brown Cattle

This article take the barn feeding and grazing Xinjiang brown cattle as object of the study, mainly study the growth developmental mechanism, the performance of meat producing, the milk performance and so on, preliminary study the germplasm characteristics on Xinjiang brown cattle. We expected to provide reference for breeding, standard revision and establishing production mode of bam feeding and grazing Xinjiang brown cattle. The result is as follow:1. Research on growth performance : Through the comparison of 1-6 months bam feeding calves with grazing calf and statistical analysis of body size and body weight in grazing Xinjiang brown cattle, we have studied the growth developmental mechanism of calves in different raising condition, the effect of age and parity on body size and body weight. The results showed that 1-6 months barn feeding calves grew faster, significant effect of age and parity on body size and body weight.2. Research on meat performance: The 38 and 62 grazing Xinjiang brown cattle were collected separately from Zhaosu town and Tacheng. The former cattle were separated into three groups by age(4 years old blow,4-7 years old,7 years old above). The slaughtering property were determined of each group. Results indicated that the average live weight of 4-7 years old group is 386.62 kg, the dressing percentage is 50.24%, the meat percentage is 41.73% and the rate of meat to bone is 4.94:1 under the grazing condition. The main slaughtering index of this group is obviously superior to the 4 years old blow groups(.P<0.05), no significant difference to 7 years old above (P＞0.05),and 4-7 years old is the suitable slaughtering stage for Xinjiang brown cattle. A regress equation of body ruler and carcass weight was established by the statistics of 62 grazing Xinjiang brown cattle from Tacheng. Bull cattle: y=-170.732-1.205x₁ + 1.184x₂+2.053x₃-3.176x₄; Cow:y=-293.624+0.276x₁+0.835x₂+1.682x₃+1.066x₄.3. Research on milk performance:The 52 Xinjiang brown cattle from Zhaosu and the 154 lactating cows from Urumqi breeding cattle field were collected, milk production and milk composition were determined. We have compared the index of milk composition between barn feeding and grazing Xinjiang brown cattle, analyzed the change rule of milk ingredients, the influence of parity to milk ingredients and the correlation of milk production, fat percentage and protein percentage. Results demonstrated that the index of milk ingredients in grazing Xinjiang brown cattle is obviously higher than bam feeding Xinjiang brown cattle, the difference was extremely significant (P＜0.01). The relationship between milk production and fat percentage, protein percentage is negative correlation, and the correlation coefficient is - 0.174(P＜0.01) and -0.245(P＜0.01). The relationship between milk fat percentage and protein percentage was positive correlation, and the correlation coefficient is 0.41 l(P＜0.01).