Plant Species Diversity Of Moso Bamboo Forest And The Interspecific Association Of Moso Bamboo With Tree Species

Applying quadrat and quantity ecology methods, taking the Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys heterocycla cv. Pubescens) forest in Yanling County, Hunan Province as the research object, this paper studied the quantity characteristics of tree layer, the species diversity and interspecific relationship of tree species in moso bamboo forest. The main conclusions are as follows:1. The quantity characteristics of tree layerIn 34 species of trees, bamboo is the absolute dominant species of community, the main companion species are Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata), Elaeocarpus japonicas, Alniphyllum fortunei, Cinnamomum parthenoxylon, Castanopsis fargesii, Machilus thunbergii, Photinia davidsoniae Rehd, Castanopsis lamontii and Daphniphyllum oldhami, etc. But the abundance, frequency and dominance of the most companion species are not high. Management activities (such as cleaning undergrowth, top-cutting and loosening soil, etc.) disturbance are the main reason to form this characteristics of the community.2. Species diversityThe amount of species is abundant. And there are 73 families, 122 genera, 161 species in total. The main families in tree layer were Lauraceae, Fagaceae Theaceae, Euphorbiaceae and Rosaceae, and Rubiaceae, Smilacaceae, Compositae, magnolia, Rosaceae, Sabiaceae, Myrsinaceae and Araliaceae in understory vegetation. Both species diversity index and evenness index in herb layer were higher than those in tree layer and shrub layer. Both species evenness index and Shannon-Weiner index in shrub layer were higher than those in tree layer. The biodiversity of tree layer influenced the biodiversity of herb layer significantly, but not significantly influenced shrub layer.3. Interspecific relationship of tree speciesThe result of spearman rank correlation coefficient quite meet the actual fact in bamboo forest practice. And the result showed that there are 17 tree species positively associate Moso bamboo, while 8 tree species negatively associate. Only one species (Sassafras tzmum) negatively associate significantly. Most tree species were independent. And the community still in the succession process, human interference will affect the dominant species composition and the development of interspecific relationship.4. Species diversity and the ecosystem productivity of Moso bambooThere exited very significance negative correlation between bamboo production and Margalef index and the evenness of species, significant negative correlation between bamboo production and the Shannon-Wiener index, and significant positive correlation between bamboo production and Simpson index. The variety, quantity and distribution of trees mixed in bamboo communities significantly impact the bamboo production. Such a contradiction between species diversity and bamboo productivity put forward demands on bamboo forest management techniques.5. Interspecific relationship of tree species and Sustainable management of bamboo forestThe more intense competition trees to bamboo will have priority as the lopping object in structure management, according to the mixed proportion and spatial distribution of the specific tree species. In this study, trees such as Sassafras tsumu, Prunus buergerian, China fir, Myrica rubra, Meliosma cuneifolia, Alniphyllum fortunei (Hemsl.) Makino, Castanopsis lamontii and Daphniphyllum oldhamii have shown a negative correlation with Moso bamboo, but its negative correlation does not meet significant. Whether lop these mixed tree species or remain in custody depends on their mixed density. For those tree species showed a positive correlation with Moso bamboo, can stay in custody as a priority target, for useful companion species, to promote the development of bamboo forest. In this study, the majority of tree species showed a positive correlation with Moso bamboo, such as Elaeocarpus japonicas, Castanopsis fargesii, Cinnamomum parthenoxylon, Vernicia Montana, Litsea coreana, Machilus thunbergii, Liquidambar formosana, Acer davidii, Nyssa sinensis, Cerasus serrulata, Castanea sclerophylla, Castanopsis carlesii, Pinus massoniana Lamb., Trachycarpus fortune and Symplocos stellaris. The priority to stay custody order should be identified according their mixed density and spatial distribution.6. Species diversity protection and Sustainable management of bamboo forestThe scientific understanding of ecosystem and interspecific relationship is the theoretical basis of bamboo forest management. Bamboo intensive technologies focus on improving economic output of bamboo forests, ignoring conservation of biological diversity and ecological function, not conducive to the sustainable development of bamboo forests. The further study should be strengthened on the relationship between biodiversity and sustainable management and interspecific association areas.