Changes During The Growth And Aging In Drosophila Under Influence Of Royal Jelly

Royal jelly secreted from the honey bee is used to feed on fruit flies and test the impact of Royal jelly on growth and development, lifespan and aging of fly, and to explore the reasons which cause these impacts. Many natural sources of material with complex components are often used to prevent and treat disease. Most of these substances come from plants, minorities of these come from animals and fungi. It is precisely because the ingredients are mixed, so bring a lot of difficulties in analysising its mechanism. This can be given in two ways to solve. On the one hand, we use this mixture in the test conducted on animals to see if it have a certain effect, Once it have, result will be as reference for human use of these substances. On the other hand, we do analysis to composition contained in the mixture, it may be separated and examinated or tested according to the analysis of available data, to determine how much of major components, if we stack up the major components of certain functions, we can see what about the functions of the mixture generally. We have studied royal jelly and are conducted along this thinking.First of all we did was to culture fruit flies and observe theirs life history, and get familiar with their living habits, to lay the foundation for future experiments. We have done a more detailed observation based on some references.As previously, since Royal jelly can change the honey bee's growth, development and life, will also be reflected in the fruit fly. Followed by lifespan experiment used cultivating bottle after the eclosion of fly, the female flies and male flies of fruit flies were cultured respectively in the culture medium that without royal jelly or with royal jelly and the death situation of the fly are observed and recorded. We then mapped with survival rate to time and get the survival trend line of the fruit fly, compared whether royal jelly had result that can extend the life of Drosophila. The results showed that royal jelly extend the average life expectancy of the female flies, but not extend the average life expectancy of male flies, and the shape of the curve changes in the experimental group feeding with royal jelly. It can be known that royal Jelly really affect the lifespan of the fruit fly.Next, using the cultivating tube, we have done the experiment of the flies emerge from the eggs to eclosion, testing of royal jelly on the larvae growth of the fruit fly. After spawning the royal jelly was added to the experimental group, but royal jelly was not added to the control group. Then the emergence times of flies were observed and recorded, On the basis of experiment royal jelly was added to or was not added to culture medium, and we change the content of the yeast, there also was a comparison between royal jelly and yeast. From the beginning after the emergence, until a few days later, we compared the initiatory emergence time and the day that emergence number is most. We find that royal jelly indeed advance the emergence time and the time emergence number is most, and yeast also have a role. It is known that royal Jelly have an impact on the growth of the fruit fly.Later experiments were turned to research degree of activities of the enzyme and the MDA content in fruit flies. Since the royal jelly can performance effect of changing the growth and lifespan, it also can inevitably change the biological chemistry indicators in the body of fruit flies that is the degree of activity of enzymes and content of other small molecules. We culture flies with cultivating bottle after their eclosion, taking out twenty five fruit flies within survival whenever after a period of time from each bottle, the remaining flies are continued to culture. Determining SOD specific activity and the content of MDA of collections of fruit flies on different time, we compared cultured fruit flies between which royal jelly was added in the culture medium and which royal jelly was not added in the culture medium, using the fruit fly's supernatant after homogenate. The results did find that a certain difference, and have fundamental conformity with lifespan changes, which so further proved what we have expected. Possible mechanism is that the addition of royal jelly has changed antioxidant activity, and then by the SOD and CAT to reduce the content of MDA. For explaining the results, information has been used to analysis components of royal jelly, we set out to find corresponding relationships between the components and physiological significances of royal jelly, and to find out the outcome of the reasons is that there are some components in royal jelly, and because just some components have these roles, so that the growth, development and aging state of fruit fly are changed, may it have changed hormone signal of the growth, development and aging processes. Royal jelly containing the Royal jelly protein, peptides, hormones, enzymes, fatty acids, some kinds of vitamins with high levels, and so on may play an important role. These results can provide a frame of reference for the production and use of royal jelly.In the foreword, we introduce predecessors' research results that have been made on the part of the research findings about Royal jelly as well as on growth and development especially on the ageing-related contents, and also have introduced basic information on model organism fruit fly, including generic operation of fruit fly. In order to carry out work on the molecular level, we have serious introduction for chromosome location cloning method of the genes in fruit fly and genetic manipulation that could be used. Typical practical examples are given of this method, including example of the antioxidant enzyme catalase, to facilitate the similar work in future.