Establishment Of Technical System Of Propagation By Tissue Culture On Cherry Dwarf Rootstock Gisela-5

Fruit of cherry is glossy,colorful and nutrient with both high interior and exterior quality in fruits.It is regarded as one of the best fruit.Being early-ripening,it is used for replacing vacancies of the off-season market in the spring.Cherry is one of the fruits easily to manage and to produce organic products because of a short period of its fruit growth and relatively less pests attacking the trees.It is a high economic-return and prospective fruit.Choosing suitable rootstocks is important for a successful production.At present,high density and dwarfing cultivation is the tendency of cherry industry.Gisela series have effects of a broad crown,precocity,increasing production,and improving resistance on scions as well as a broad adaptability of the tree itself.Dwarfing rootstocks are primary for high density production.Among the candidates,Gisela 5 and Gisela 6 are the best ones possessing dwarfing effects on the cherry scions.But these rootstocks are difficult to root(low rooting ability).The traditional propagations for these rootstocks are taking advantages of bed-rooting and layering.However,efficiency of these two methods is low and they are potential to carry virus,which had negative effects of cheery industry in China.Tissue culture is an efficient propagation method for fruit industry and easy to be industrialization due to its similar technology,fast propagation and easier rooting induction.This propagation is also an efficient way to provide the high quality nurseries for the growers,which is especially very important for the fast development of cherry industry in China at present.This paper will lead to development of cherry and its rootstock industry based on establishment of technical system of tissue culture on cheer rootstock,Gisela 5.The tender shoot segments with buds or shoot tips were used as in vivo to sterilize to obtain the in vitro materials.Tissue culture medium,the cultural protocol,and the culture conditions were optimized on Gisela 5 as to establish an efficient propagation system for this cheery rootstock.The main results were as follows:1.The treatment of 0.1%HgCl₂ for 8 min exhibited the best one in vivo materials.. 2.The in vivo materials picked in Mid-April or Mid-May are the best.3.The medium,'MS+BA0.5mg/L+IBA0.2mg/L',showed efficient for the first propagation with a propagation ratio of 5.4.4.The medium,'MS+BA0.6mg/L+IBA0.3mg/L',expressed efficient for the subsequent propagation with a propagation ratio of 7.3 after 30 days.5.Hormonal combinations from different types of hormones are better than from the same types for inducing rooting.The medium,'1/2MS+IBA0.2mg/L+IAA0.4 mg/L', exhibited the best for inducing roots with an averaging rooting percentage of 97.2%and a ratio of 5.6 roots/plant.6.Illumination is a major factor that affecting cheery rooting,especially at the early stage of formation of root primordial.Weak light at this stage can increase rooting efficiency,with an averaging ratio of 95.3%,and 6.23 roots/plant.The shortest inducing time was 9 days.7.Inducing roots combined with acclimation in the greenhouse was better than that inside of the laboratory.This can decrease time for acclimation(7-10 days less) and its transition transplanting and field transplanting survival rate was 90%and 98%,respectively, which saved labors and decrease the costs.8.The medium,'1/3 vermiculite +2/3(river sand +hill soil)=1:1:2',showed the best for the transplant,with the survival rate of 93.2%.The traditional medium,' 1/3 perlite+2/3(river sand+field soil)=1:1:2',also had a good result.