| Because of impacts of genetic character and cultivation environment,there were great differences in seed kernel plumpness and uniformity of mature peanut, nutrition content of peanut production and improving potential. In this study, seeds for Shandong regional and cultivation test of new peanut variety were used, they were classified typical sample and random sample based on sampling. kernel plumpness, variety of nutrition content, breeding method and cultural approach were studied. The diffirence of nutrient content between typical sample and random sample as theory improving potential,maximum difference between varieties of theory improving potential as improving potential of variety , maximum difference between test points as improving potential of cultivation environment.we can improve quality potential and improve theoretical basis for quality breeding and high quality cultivation by improving seed maturity and plumpness degree.The main results as follows:1 Improving potential of seed maturity and plumpness degree of different peanut cultivars in different cultivation environmentAs for the average of the 9 test points, kernel rate of plump in weight proportion in different varieties was between 57.5% and 90.8%, coefficient of variation was between 11.84% and 28.39%. The kernel rate of plump in weight proportion in the worst point for seed maturity and plumpness degree was between 24.65% and 89.92%, seed maturity and plumpness degree in the best point was between 60.84% and 93.09%. The results showed that it was great of the potential of improving seed maturity and plumpness degree by breeding, the largest improvement coefficient was 65.27%. The largest deviation of kernel rate of plump in weight proportion in different test point was between 43.81% and 98.58%, and the mimimum deviation was between 78.16% and 94.66%. As the mean of the 16 varieties, kernel rate of plump in weight proportion among defferent test point was between 57.41% and 85.00%, coefficient of variation was between 5.62% and 24.78%. It showed that it was great of the potential of improving seed maturity and plumpness degree by cultivation as well as by breeding, and the largest improvement coefficient was 54.77%.Moreover, the potential of improving seed maturity and plumpness degree by breeding was larger than that by cultivation.2 Improving potential of fruit weight and weight of kernel of different peanut cultivars in different cultivation environmentAs the mean of the 16 varieties of typical sample,fruit weight among different test point was between 167g and 3.07g,the coefficient of variation was between 6.63% and 16.42%,as the mean of the 16 varieties of random sample,fruit weight among different test point was between 1.29g and 3.07g,the coefficient of variation was between 8.58% and 22.26%,the improving potential of fruit weight was between 0.38g and 0.99g through breeding techniques and it changed between 0.27g and0.98g through cultural approach.As the mean of the 16 varieties of typical sample,weight of kernel among different test point was between 0.71g and 1.17g,the coefficient of variation was between6.91% and 16.26%,as the mean of the 16 varieties of random sample,weight of kernel among different test point was between 0.55g and 0.92g,the coefficient of variation was between7.95% and 31.18%,the improving potential of fruit weight was between 0.19g and 1.00g through breeding techniques and it changed between 0.07g and 0.98g through cultural approach.3 Improving potential of nutrient content of different peanut cultivars in different cultivation environmentIn this study, the diffirence of nutrient content between typical sample and random sample as improving potential. The improving potential of oil content was by 1.77～3.57 percentage point through breeding techniques and it changed 1.46～3.68 percentage points through cultural approach. The improving potential of protein content was 1.33～2.61 percentage points through breeding techniques and it changed 0.52～2.65 percentage points through cultural approach. The improving potential of soluble total sugar content was 0.98～3.82 percentage points through breeding techniques and it changed 0.70～3.80 percentage points through cultural approach. The improving potential sucrose of sucrose content was 1.31～2.73 percentage points through breeding techniques and it changed 0.73～2.48 percentage points through cultural approach. The improving potential of oleic acid content was 1.42～7.22 percentage points through breeding techniques and it changed 0.46～6.63 percentage points through cultural approach.The improving potential of linoleic acid content was 1.47～7.38 percentage points through breeding techniques and it changed 0.21～7.22 percentage points through cultural approach.The improving potential of O/L ratio was 0.04～0.40 percentage points through breeding techniques and it changed 0.02～0.39 percentage points through cultural approach.4 Correlation of the diffirence of nutrient content between typical sample and random sample and plump kernel ratesIt showed very significantly negative correlatin between the diffirence of oil concent, soluble total sugar concent and sucrose content between typical sample and random sample and kernel rate of plump in kernel proportion, kernel rate of plump in weight proportion.5 Dynamic changes of the main nutritional componentswith the development and mature of seed kernelThe contents of oil, protein, oleic acid, total of oleic acid and linoleic acid and the O/L ratio were gradually increased, while the contents of soluble total sugar and sucrose and linoleic acid were gradually reduced with the development and mature of seed kernel.
|
PDF Full Text Request