Effects Of Ecological Factors On Quality Of Dragon Peak FamousTea In The Tea Region Of Zhuxi

Dragon Peak Famous Tea in the tea region of Zhuxi was one of the top ten famous teas in Hubei Province,PR China,which they were protected by National Protection of Geographical Indications.In addition,its developing had an important effect on prosperity of tea industry in the Qin-ba Mountain.In this research,tea quality, meteorological conditions,soil conditions in 11 tea plantations were studied.The main purpose was to indicate the relationships between tea quality and ecological factors,and provide a theoretical basis of improving management conditions and enlarging the scale of tea plants in this region.1.Research on the quality of Dragon Peak Famous TeaOrganoleptic quality of Dragon Peak Famous Tea was tested by method of organoleptic appreciation.The results showed as follows:shape was wiry and even with tips,shape color was tender green;aroma was fresh,tender,clean and high with flowery flagrance;flavor was brisk,fresh and mellow;soup color was bright and tender green; tea-leaf was even,fine and tender.The contents of tea nutrient elements,biochemical compositions were analyzed by ICP,chemical methods and HPLC.The results showed as follows:total N 5.47%-6.65%, total P 0.410%-0.502%,total K 0.966%-1.129%,total Ca 0.097%-0.135%,total Mg 603.13 mg/kg-855.39mg/kg,total Fe 50.00 mg/kg-72.00mg/kg,total Cu 8.45 mg/kg-10.86mg/kg,total Zn 22.91-36.51mg/kg.The contents of tea biochemical compositions:tea polyphenol 28.43%-34.23%,amino acid 2.81%-3.38%,caffeine 1.89%-2.52%,soluble sugar 2.32%-3.07%,chlorophyll 0.0842%-1.286%,water extract 21.93%-44.78%,catechin 150.00 mg/g-171.88 mg/g,theanine 0.715%-1.193%.Aroma compounds of 11 Dragon Peak Famous Teas were analyzed by GC/MS.The contents of tea aroma compounds decreased in this order:alcohols＞acidic and esters＞aldehydes and ketones＞alkanes and alkenes＞aromatics＞nitrogen compounds.These proportions of tea aroma compounds provided the unique aroma quality of delicate aroma with flower fragrance to Dragon Peak Famous Tea.Dragon Peak Famous Teas of Longwangya and Shuangzhuyuan plantations had the best qualities in the 11 tea plantations.So,these plantations could be developed as representatives of Zhuxi tea region in order to extend brand effects and advanced economic benefits.2.Meteorological conditions and their relationships with tea qualityTea region of Zhuxi located at sub-tropic monsoon area,which monthly mean percentage of sunshine hour was 25%-48%;monthly mean air temperature was 2.4℃-25.5℃;monthly mean ground temperature:0cm 3.8℃-29.6℃,5cm 3.9℃-28℃,10cm 4.2℃-27.5℃,15cm 4.7℃-27.5℃,20cm 5.1℃-27.0℃;monthly mean precipitation: 8.1mm-180.8mm;annual average precipitation:945.3mm;monthly mean air relative humidity:73%-87%.Meteorological factor's vertical variation of this region was obvious, which with the altitude elevated,the strength of illumination reduced,the temperature,the ground temperature reduced,the air relative humidity increased.They were all beneficial for performing quality of Dragon Peak Famous Tea.At altitude 900m in the tea region of Zhuxi,meteorological conditions such as lower temperature,larger temperature difference between day and night,moderate light intensity,more clouds and larger air humidity were the main factors for excellent quality of tea.So,the tea regions of around altitude 900m in Zhuxi will be the first choices to develop Dragon Peak Famous Tea with excellent quality.3.Soil conditions and their relationships with tea qualitySoil conditions were analyzed by chemical methods and AAS.The results showed as follows:pH 4.5-6.5;organic matter:6.24 g/kg-36.44g/kg;N:0.392.37g/kg;P:0.23 g/kg -0.66g/kg;K:9.56 g/kg-22.26g/kg;bulk density:1.24 g/cm~3-1.7 g/cm~3.Based on the analysis of correlation and multilinear regression,the relativity was studied between soil conditions and tea quality of Dagon Peak Tea.The results showed as follows:soil total phosphorus and potassium,available potassium,copper and zinc were the main factors which affected and limited the contents of nutrient elements of tea leaves; soil pH,organic matter,total nitrogen and potassium,exchangeable calcium and magnesium,available copper and zinc were the main factors which affected and limited the contents of biochemical compositions of tea leaves;soil conditions had slightly influence on the tea aroma quality.These factors in soil can be controlled for improving the tea quality.So,soil conditions should be improved by efficient methods such as fertilization,cultivation to build tea plantations with high quality.