Study On Preparation And Separation Of Major Components From Ficus Carica L Leaves And Usean. Longissima By High-speed Counter-current Chromatography

In this paper, light petroleum (b.p.: 60℃-90℃) was used to extract Ficus carica L leaves and Usnea.longissima, and then evaporated to get the crude extract. High-speed counter-current Chromatography (HSCCC) was applied for the isolation and purification of psoralen and bergapten from the plant Ficus carica L leaves, for isolation and purification of usnic acid from Usnea.longissima. The two-phase solvent system for separating psoralen and bergapten from the plant Ficus carica L leaves by HSCCC was n-Hexane-ethyl acetate-methanol-water (1:1:1:1, v/v). The two-phase solvent system for separating usnic acid from Usnea.longissima by HSCCC was n-Hexane- acetonitrile - ethyl acetate -water (8:7:5:0.8 v/v). 4.4 mg of psoralen and 2.1 mg of bergapten were obtained from 200 mg of Ficus carica L leaves crude extract in one step separation. 11.2 mg of usnic acid was obtained from 25mg of Usnea.longissima crude extract. The purities of psoralen bergapten and usnic acid determined by HPLC which indicate that psoralen at 99.1%, bergapten at 98.2% purity, and usnic acid above 99%. The structures of psoralen bergapten and usnic acid were identified by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and MS. The crude extracts of Ficus carica L leaves by 80% ethanol and Usnea.longissima by light petroleum (b.p.: 60℃-90℃) were used to feed little mice, the mice's growth performance was studied. The results indicated that the crude extract of Ficus carica L leaves was innocuous. 5.0 g/kg.d dosage can gently promote the growth of male mice, but have no effect on female mice. 5.0 g/kg.d dosage can obviously increase the weight of mice's liver. 1.0 g/kg.d dosage can obviously increase the weight of male mice thymus, but no effect on kidney and spleen. The crude extract of Usnea.longissima was low noxious, 10 mg/kg.d and 50 mg/kg.d dosages can obviously increase the weight of little male mice, and also can promote the growth of little female mice. 200 mg/kg.d dosage can restrain the growth of little male and female mice. 10 mg/kg.d,50 mg/kg.d and 200 mg/kg dosages can observably increase the weight of rat liver especially high dosage. The crude extract of Usnea.longissima have no effect on thymus kidney and spleen.