Research On Different Maize Varieties Inter-planting And Mixed Cultivation Theory And Technology

Because the principle of different maize inter-planting and mixed cultivation technology is simple and this new cultivation is easy to promote.It is a yield-increasing cultivation without increasing any cost.Hence the author carried on the experiment using three kinds of maize hybrids of different genes and phenotypes especially different plant height varieties. The hybrids included Liaodan526,Danyu39,Shenyu21.The author used non-randomized block experimental design and analysised the yield,community structure,physiological target and heterosis of F₀ generation of different maize variety inter planting and mixed cultivation, studied the yield-increasing theory and technique problems.The results were showed as follows:1.Using the competition and supplementary effect of different maize varieties interplanting and mixed cultivation,this new cultivation can enhance community yield and economic efficiency without increasing any cost such as pesticide and fertilizer.In this paper, the yield of different maize varieties inter-planting and mixed cultivation increased than the yield of monoculture,the land utilization rate also increased.2.Plant height difference was the necessary condition of building new community structure.The reasonable community structure can make the higher maize variety display space superiority and the shorter maize variety reduce yield or the yield-reducing scope was small.In the inter-planting community,different varieties have different yield-increasing potential.The yield of inter planting combination of Danyu39 and Shenyu21 increased than combination of Liaodan526 and Danyu39.In the community,the yield of higher maize variety increased significantly than the yield of monoculture.While the shorter maize variety have a small yield-reducing scope and do not reach the significant level or the yield-increasing scope is small but reach significant level.In mixed cultivation community, the mixed cultivation combination of Danyu39 and Shenyu21 had a great yield-increasing scope than the combination of Liaodan526 and Danyu39.The two mixed cultivation combinations yield-increasing effect both reached very significant level.The yield of different maize variety in the mixed community increased than the yield of monoculture.This showed that different maize variety of different plant height inter-planting and mixed cultivation can be good for the yield-increasing of the community.3.The main reason of yield-increasing is that different maize varieties inter-planning and mixed cultivation community can form new canopy structure such as wave-like structure and concave-convex-like structure.This new kind of canopy structure can enlarge the light area of the community,improve the wind and light condition of community especially the mid-up canopy of the community.The wind speed of row spacing obviously higher than that of plant spacing.This can be good for the gas exchange inside and outside of the community,and can also provide more carbon dioxide for photosynthetic,accumulate more photosynthesis product for plant to grow.This can make foundation for high production.4.During the entire life span of the maize,there is no catastrophe weather occur,all treatments have no lodging and booklet of stem is not serious as well.In the late life span,the booklet results indicates that the booklet rate of different maize inter-planting and mixed cultivation significantly reduced than that of monoculture.In addition,the varieties in the experiment are all resistance varieties.There are no head smut and bacterial wilt occur and exserohilum turcicum,bipolaris maydis and cercospora sojina hara occurred in different levels but not significant.The asian corn borer is the primary insect pest,the harm of different treatment have no obvious difference.But some research indicated that different maize varieties inter-planting and mixed cultivation have strong supplementary and can not avoid the loss that some certain disasters occurred in some year.5.Maize belong to cross-breeding crops and have a plenty of pollen.In this paper,the investigation of rare ear length indicates that the reason of rare ear length is not the pollen problem.This showed that the yield-increasing effect have no relevance with pollination.The experiment also showed that the yield-increasing scope was not obvious about the seed weight of hybrids.Combined with the research before,the author thought that the yield-increasing of hybrids(about5%)cross-breeding was less than inbred line(about10%).In the field the inter planting and mixed cultivation have half chance to accept different pollen. Hence the heterosis of F₀ generation is not the main reason of yield-increasing of different maize varieties inter-planting and mixed cultivation.But the heterosis of F₀ generation had some effect on the yield-increasing.