| The cold climate resources of Northwest Plateau of Hebei Province as the background, "Peach" and "Rose", "Superme Rose" and "Advanced Red" four gladiolus cultivars were studied for materials. Study leaf area, seedtime, fertilization, cultivation measures, covering ways, nutrition transfer, cormel breeding and respiratory of corm on the sandy chestnut soil experimental field, from May 2006 to September 2007 in Zhangbei Experimental Station of AUH. The results showed that:1. With the leaf area of Gladiolus measured by digital camera and Photoshop software, the correction coefficient and regression equation were gained by calculating long diameters (L) and short diameters (W) of Gladiolus leaves. According to the method of leaf area correction coefficient the equation for both red-peach and pink-rose were LA=0.65LW and LA=0.71LW, respectively; The Regression equation of red-peach and pink-rose were LA=0.58×L×W+ 7.02 and LA=0.69×LW+ 1.58, respectively. The result of variance analysis revealed that regression equation method could give a more reliable result than Leaf area correction coefficient method for the leaf area measurement.2. May is the best planting time for cutting flower in this region. After blossoming, corm under ground began enlarge rapidly. Planting in April 5 and April 20, the dry weight of new corm nearly growth linear from mid-September to late September. Planting in May 5, the new corm began enlarge rapidly from the end of September to the early October. The later plant, the less dry weight corm accumulated at harvest. If propagation as purpose we can plant at twenty April.3. Gladiolus grew 5-6 leafs, which was the sensitive period of fertilizer. Fertilizer in this period played a key role to the accumulation of leaf area. Applicat every 30d, the quality of the corm was the best. Applicated 9kg nitrogen /667m~2, it was beneficial to the corm of Gladiolus accumulation. Different fertilization interval and different application affected the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Application 9kg nitrogen /667m~2, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of the corm were the highest.4. Compared with Greenhouse Culture and Open Cultivation, the former ground diameter smaller than the latter, however the former leaf area, scape length, flower head length were longer than the latter, and the florets, flowers diameter were not significant different. Compared with Shade-frame Cultivation and Open Cultivation, the quality of cutting flower and corm were not significant different. Compared with small arch shed cultivation and open cultivation, the former seedling stage advanced three days, flowering stage was also ahead of three days.5. The quality under black film of cutting flower and the corm were not significant different from the open cultivation, however the effect of black film inhibiting grass was very good. Incomplete cover among the three cultivations was the best choice, which was effective to prevent the evaporation of soil moisture beginning, and it was beneficial to infiltration later.6. After harvested, the nutrients transferred from the branches to the corm, the amount of N and P of bulbs were increased by 188.43 percent and 28.23 percent.7. After harvested by breeding cormel, the new single-weight of corm increase of 17.55 g than the ball, it was the 37.6 times. The new corm of the ratio of diameter and height was 1:1.1, however the ratio was 1:1.9 breeding the multi-generation corm.8. Respiratory Intensity increased with the temperature and the grade of bulbs. With the same temperature, the Respiratory Intensity of corm of 7～8cm increase by 54.58% to 83.63% than of 2～3cm. Respiratory Intensity increased with the size of the ball. With the same class of the ball, the Respiratory Intensity of corm kind of multi-generation increased 31.3% than the first generation. Respiratory Intensity of bad bulb was higher than the healthy bulb. |
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