| Tomicus yunnanensis and Tominus minor are most dangerous forest pests. They mainly attack Pinus yunnanensis in Yunnan province and there is hundreds of thousand km2 P.yunnanensis being attacked every year. So it is urgently to monitor and control them effectively.The morphology and ecology of T.yunnanensis and T.minor were studied. The phloem of P.yunnanensis which can attract T. yunnanensis and T.minor was analyzed, and tried to find out which compound most effectively attracted them.Morphological differences between T.yunnanensis and T.piniperda were found with scan electron microscope. There are two lines of punctuations between every two lines of bristles at the end of the coleopters of T.yunnanensis; however, there is only one line of punctuations between every two lines of bristles at the end of the coleopters of T.piniperda.The transferring time of T.yunnanensis and T.minor from twigs to trunks was different. Most of T.yunnanensis began at November and made tunnels at top and middle part of the trunks; however, most of T.minor began at December and made tunnels at bottom and middle part of the trunks. The tunnels of T.yunnanensis are longest at the top of the trunks; the tunnels of T.minor are longest at the bottom of the trunks. In November, the number of T.yunnanensis was over several times of T.minor's in the trunks. In February, their number was approximately equal and then T.minor gradually increased to more than T.yunnanensis. There were about 20% trigs of P.yunnanensis that being attacked by T.yunnanensis and T. minor. When the transferring time came around, it decreased to approximately 15%., T. minor was a little more than T.yunnanensis in trigs in November and then its number gradually decreased. In February, T.yunnanensis was three times over T.minor in trigs, and then their gap was shortened. The correlation analysis shows that T.yunnanensis and T.minor were negative relationship in trunks; they were positive relationship in trigs in November, and then changed to negative relationship from December.Research shows that the logs being peeled but left with phloem were most effectively attracted T.yunnanensis and T.minor. There are remarkable differences compared with the logs being peeled without phloem,logs being not peeled and lived stumpages. Experimental results show that there maybe a close relationship between the cross section area of logs and the attraction ability of logs but not the log position of a tree. The main transferring time of T.yunnanensis was 16~17 o'clock everyday, and the main transferring time of T.minor was 15~16 o'clock.The phloem compound of P.yunnanensis was collected with supercritical fluid extraction and absorption-solvent desoption. All compounds collected were analyzed with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The compound of P.yunnanensis collected with supercritical fluid extraction was identified 12 compounds and there was a relatively high quantities ofβ-Pinene,D-Limonene,3-Cyclohexene-1methonol,Anisol and 1,6,10-Dodecatriene-7,11-dimethy-3-methylene(E) etc. Volatiles collected with absorption- solvent desoption was identified 12 compounds andα-Pinene,Cedrene and Di-epi-cedrene have a relatively high content.The entrap result is bad which did with the compound of P.yunnanensis that collected with supercritical fluid extraction.There is no compound has been found attracted T.yunnanensis,T.minor or T.piniperda very well through the biological test with"Y"olfactormetor.The Gas chromatography-Electroantennographic Detection (GC-EAD) experimental results show that there was a compound of P.yunnanensis can activate T.yunnanensis reaction. On the other hand, there was an impurity in myrcene been found activated biological reaction too. The structures of these two compounds were desired to be identified. |
