| This article was conducted to evaluate effects of different vegetable oilssupplementation on goat rumen digestion and fatty acid composition, especially on thecontent of CLA and TVA in rumen.1 Effects of different vegetable oils on rumen digestion in goatsWith three experiments, this part investigated the effects of sunflower seed oil, peanutoil, mixed oil with the two on goat rumen digestion in vitro and vivo.1.1 Effect of sunflower seed oil (SO) on goat rumen digestion in vitroFive adult goats being as donators of rumen liquid, effect of SO on goat rumendigestion was investigated in vitro. The result showed that after 3h culture, ruminal liquidpH decreased significantly in 1％, 4％and 8％oil dose groups; microbial crudeprotein(MCP) and total volatile fatty acids(TVFA) increased significantly in 1％, 2％and4％oil dose groups; acetic proportion(A％) went up significantly while butyricproportion(B％) and propanoic proportion(P％) decreased significantly in the high dosetreatment groups; the ratio of the sum of acetate and butyrate to propionate((A+B)/P)increased significantly in 2％, 4％and 8％oil treatment groups. After 6h culture, ruminatliquid pH decreased significantly while MCP increased significantly in 4％and 8％dosegroups; TVFA increased significantly in each oil group; A％decreased significantly whileB％increased significantly in 1％, 4％and 8％test groups, meanwhile B％enhancedsignificantly in 2％test group. After 9h, MCP of the 2％dose group decreased significantly;TVFA of the 4％test group went up significantly; (A+B)/P increased significantly in 1％,4％, 8％treatment groups. It was suggested that the type of goat rumen fermatation couldbe altered by SO;high doses in SO supplementation could bring adverse influence to rumendigestion, and the effects existed differences because of the diversity of oil dose andincubating time, in vitro.1.2 Effect of sunflower seed oil on goat rumen digestion in vivo experimentWith five adult goats as experimental animals, this experiment was divided into twoperiods (control and trial periods) by self-control design to research effect of SO on rumendigestion in low-concentrate diet. Compared with control period, the concentration ofammonia N (NH3-N), TVFA, acetate and propionate in the oil supplementation periodincreased significantly. However, the proportions of acetate propionate and butyrate, the ratio of (A+B)/P, MCP concentration in ruminal liquid were not affected by the oilSupplementation. It was concluded that a spot of SO enhanced rumen digestion withoutaltering the type of ruminal fermatation and ruminal microbial activity, in low- concentratediet.1.3 Effects of different vegetable oils on rumen digestion in goatsIn a 4x4 latin square design, this trial evaluated effects of different vegetable oilswhich contain unequal linoleic acid on goat rumen digestion by supply low-concentratediet with SO, peanut oil(PO), and mixed oil(MO) comprised of SO and PO. Ruminal liquidpH had a downtrend after each oil supplementation, and pH showed positive linearcorrelation with the content of linoleic acid in oils; ruminal total desaturating enzymesactivity of SO group had an uptrend; NH3-N of SO and MO groups displayed a depressedtrend, however in three treatment groups, A％and the content of MCP, A, P and TVFA inruminal liquid appeared to be increased; concentration of B Went up while P％went downin PO group; P％appeared to ascended while B％and (A+B)/P descended in SO and MOgroup, although without significant difference. It was suggested that, to the certain extent,supplemental vegetable oils containing abundant linoleic acid in low concentrate diet couldincrease the efficiency of ruminal microbial zymolysis and utilization to feedstuff, promoterumen digestion without obvious inhibition to ruminal microbe; effects of differentvegetable oils on rumen digestion were different.2 Establishment of the method to determine methyl esters of TVA,CLAand other fatty acids in the content of rumenEight fatty acids standard mixed solution was confected, and established the method todetermine methyl esters of CLA, TVA and other fatty acids in tureen liquid (the content oftureen) by optimizing the pretreatment process of sample and chromatogram conditions.3 Effects of different vegetable oils on the content of TVA,CLA and otherfatty acids in goat rumen3.1 Effect of sunflower seed oil on the content of TVA,CLA and other fatty acids ingoat rumenThis experiment was divided into two periods by self-control design to evaluate effectsof SO supplementation on the content of CLA, TVA and other fatty acid in goat rumen,with 5 female adult Xuhuai White goats installed with ruminal fistula as test animals, inlow-concentrate diet. The results showed that the concentration of cis9, trans11-conjugatedlinoleic acid (c9, t11-CLA), trans11-vaccenic acid (TVA) and cis9-oleic acid (c9-C18:1) inruminal fluid increased remarkably by sunflower oil supplementation compared withcontrol period. The proportion of TVA in fatty acids in oil treatment group was higher thancontrol. The concentration of C16:0, the proportion of C16:0 andα-C18:3 decreased significantly, while the ratio of TVA to c9-C18:1 and the ratio of saturated fatty acids tounsaturated fatty acids in rumen fluid increased significantly compared with control period.The results implicated that appropriate dose of sunflower oil supplementation couldincrease the content of CLA, TVA in rumen, especially on TVA, in goats fedlow-concentrate diet; SO probably enhance CLA concentration in goat tissues mainly viaincreasing the content of TVA in rumen.3.2 Effects of different vegetable oils on the content of TVA,CLA and other fatty acidsin goat rumenEight adult Boor-Xuhuai crossbreed goats, in a 4x4 latin square design, this trialevaluated effects of different vegetable oils which contain unequal linoleic acid on thecontent of CLA, TVA and other fatty acids in rumen by supply low-concentrate diet withSO, PO and MO. The results showed that three oil treatment groups increased significantlyTVA％and the content of CLA, TVA, c9-C18:1 and c9, c12-C18:2 in rumen liquid, whiledecreased significantly the concentration of C16:0, compared with control group. The ratioof UFA/SFA went up in three test groups, but only the difference in SO group wassignificant, compared with control group. Meanwhile, TVA％, the concentration of TVAand the ratio of UFA/SFA in rumen fluid had positive linear correlation with the content oflinoleic acid in vegetable oil, to the certain extent. It was concluded that vegetable oilcontaining abundant linoleic acid can increase the content of CLA, TVA in goat rumen, inlow-concentrate diet; the vegetable oil containing more linoleic acid would produce bettereffect on the accumulation of TVA and the composition of fatty acids in rumen; enhancedlinoleic acid could mainly depend on augment of TVA which is the origin of endogeneticCLA synthesis to increase the content of CLA in goat tissues. |
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