| With Gangyou 527-the hybrid rice as material, some physiological characteristics, population development and grain yield in different cultivation methods, planting density and amounts of applied nitrogen are studied in two years' field experiments. The research indicates that the Triangle System of Rice Intensification (TSRI) has special advantages in key issue of improving high-yield potentiality, and it is mainly exhibited in the following aspects:①The dry-weight of roots of TSRI per tiller gradually outgrows that of the traditional cultivation before the booting stage. The reducing ability (TTC) of roots which is under the TSRI is significantly higher than that of the traditional cultivation in 10 days' transplanting, tillering stage, jointing stage and booting stage. Under the TSRI, the stem bleeding and its amino acid content decrease slowly after initial heading stage, but they are still higher than that of the traditional cultivation. This result shows that: the TSRI is helpful to the roots' growth, and it keeps the higher reducing ability. The vigorous roots can assimilate water and nutrition from the paddy soil without end, so as to meet the need of aerial part of rice, which keep leaves live and fresh as well as the plants.②With special method of planting young seedling in a shallow way, the TSRI can make full use of the low node tillering. In this way, the rice can not only yield tillers in a quick way and the number is numerous; but also the percentage of productive tillers is high. The advantages of productive tillers have laid a solid foundation for high-yield rice.③Under the TSRI, population of rice has a bigger LAI, and the test results of MDA, SOD and NR in flag leaf and SPAD in the functional leaves after booting stage indicate that the senescence of leaves become slow, and the comprehensive index of senescence is high.④Under the TSRI, the rate of photosynthetic, stomata conductance and transpiration in flag leaf is still high, and the CO2 concentration tends to a low rate, which suggests that this kind of cultivation can make the plant keep an efficient photosynthetic capacity during grain filling.⑤The changes of content in sucrose, soluble, starch and nitrogen in stems and sheaths of the rice shows that: under the TSRI, rice can accumulate amount of photosynthetic product during the heading stage, which can make the transportation of assimilation product smooth and the output of stems and sheaths abundant; the senescence of the functional leaves tend to become slow, and it sustainablely contributes to grain filling. So does the rules of translocation of the dry matter and grain filling characteristics, they also improve the above result.⑥The TSRI can make sparse of the whole plants and make dense sparse. In this way, it can make single plant have enough space, light and soil. It is not only benefits to the growth of the individual, but also to the development of the population, and is helpful to coordinate the conflict between the effective panicle, filled grain per panicle and 1000-grain weight.⑦In Sichuan basin and other similar places, applying the TSRI can adjust the development stage in a proper way, and it can connect the crops for rotation. Avoiding the disadvantages and exert the benefits, it makes good use of limited solar resource. Under the TSRI, using Gangyou 527-the hybrid rice and other similar heavy panicle type varieties of rice,it can yield the most, on condition that they are applied with amounts of 200kg/hrn2 nitrogen, and are planted with standard round about 38.5cm×38.5cm.Different ways of the TSRI has grasped the characteristics of rice growth and development under various, stages. Seizing the physiological demands, using proper density and fertilization, it is possible to have a high yield of rice in Sichuan basin, where the weather is wet and the sunshine is rare. At the same time, there still have some problems badly need to be solved and further studies are needed. |
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