| Zanthoxylum schinifolium Sieb.et Zucc belongs to Rutaceae. Zanthoxylum (L.). Itdistributes widely in China. It was tested with Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and Plutellaxylostella (L.), which are main insect pests on the crucifer vegetable crops. The method ofextracting insecticidal active material from Z schinifolium, and the action mode of theextracting material to the pests were studied systematically. The study provides thefoundation for the development and utilization of this insecticidal plant in the future, and ithas theoretical and practical meaning for the IPM. The main results are as follows:The ultrasonic extraction method,soxlet's extraction method,cold-dipping methodwere used to extract the active material in Z. schinifolium by using petroleumether, chloroform,ethyl acetate,acetone,ethanol and methanol. The creams material wasobtained from the extract liquor by concentration. The insecticidal activities determinationto peach aphid showed that the petroleum ether was the best extraction solvent andultrasonic extraction method was the best extraction method. The corrected mortality was93.33% at concentration of 33.3 g.L-1 at 48h.The bioassays of petroleum ether extract by ultrasonic extraction method against M.persicae in laboratory were carried out. The extract had a powerful contact toxicity andantifeedent activity on M. persicae. The higher concentration, the more obviously theeffect on the pest was. The corrected mortality were 37.50%,82.14%,96.43% atconcentration of 10.0 g.L-1,16.7 g.L-1 and 50.0 g.L-1 at 48h.LC50 of the extract as contacttoxicity were 15.33g.L-1, 11.45g.L-1, 10.39g.L-1 at 12h, 24h, 48h after treatment. Theanti-feeding rate were 56%～82% at 24h,48h,72h after treatment. Life span of M. persicaewas shortened and reproductivity dropped significantly when they were reared on thetreated leaves. Aphid population was greatly inhibited when reared on the treated leaves,and the population was only 20.6% that of the control at concentration of 50.0 g.L-1 after7days.The bioassays of petroleum ether, chloroform, ethanol and water extracts byultrasonic extraction method against P. xylostella in laboratory were carded out.Thechloroform extract had a powerful ovicidal,contact toxicity and growth inhibition activityon the larvae in 3rd inatar. At the concentration of 50 g.L-1, the egg hatching percentage was 9.94% alter treated with 5days, the corrected mortality was 67.86% at 72h, the growthinhibiting rate on the larvae in 3rd instar were 97.83% and 69.99% alter 1 day and 2days.The ethanol extract had obvious antifeedent and oviposition deterrent activity on the P.xylostella. At the concentration of 50.0 g.L-1, the anti-feeding rate were 62.34% and75.95% in no-choice and choice test at 24h; the oviposition deterent rate was 51.29%. Lifespan of female moth was shortened 4.1days than the control when they were reared on thetreated leaves by chloroform extract. The fecundity of female moth was only 37% that ofthe control when they were reared on the treated leaves by petroleum ether extract. Thetotal fecundity was lower and the oviposition peaks of female moth was postpone 1 daywhen the larvae that were reared on the treated leaves by Z. schinifolium extractsdeveloped adult.The impact of the extract of on the experimental population of the P. xylostella wasevaluated on cabbage in the laboratory. The experimental population life table of P.xylostella indicated that index of population trend(â… ) in control was 75.6781, whichdecreased dramatically to 9.0195,9.6343,6.7624 and 25.5387,caused respectively by thetreatment of the Z. schinifolium extracts by water, ethanol,chloroform and petroleum ether,and that the corresponding IIPC were 0.1192,0.1273,0.0894 and 0.3375 respectively. All ofthese indicated that the Z. schinifolium extracts could control the development of P.xylostella population significantly. The control effect of chloroform was 91.06%. |
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