| The Yellow River Basin turns to be the most serious soil-eroded area in China and restricts thesustainable socioeconomic development to a great extent. The traditional cropping system uncovers theearth's surface, looses the soil layer, lets the water evaporate rapidly, and thus causes the wind and watererosion. During the practice for exploring and changing the tillage way in order to control the water andsoil erosion, conservation tillage, with no tillage as its representation become an important subject forresearch both at home and abroad. Thus it is significant to explore a set of methods to appraiseconservation tillage in the Yellow River Basin objectively and accurately.Two methods were used in this thesis to study and probe into the suitability of conservation tillagein the four research areas of the Yellow River Basin. The first method is to compare the soil and cropdata, such as the effects of soil temperature, content of nutrient, crop and output through the contrasttrial of different tillage ways. The other is to appraise conservation tillage, with no tillage being theexample, from the aspects of ecological suitability, economy feasibility and social acceptability in theYellow River Basin. Combining the Analytic Hierarchy Process with the Grey Related Analytic Process,it gets the ecologic suitable degree of conservation tillage according to the calculated Grey Relateddegree. Then through the data obtained by household investigations of the socioeconomic conditions ofcultivation in the Yellow River Basin, the economy feasibility and social acceptability were appraised.The result of research shows : In the Yellow River Basin, the suitable degrees of four researchareas are Henan 0.1547, Shandong 0.1344, Ningxia 0.0963 , Inner Mongolia 0.0886, and through thetrials in these four areas for conservation tillage and traditional tillage, in Mengjin Henan province, notillage can get the improvement of soil water content, output of crops that can be obviously improved;In Zhangqiu Shandong province, no tillage does good to the crop growth and other factors related to theoutput, but still have some negative effects on the properties of physics and chemistry, such as soiltemperature ,etc.; In Pengyang county,no tillage with mulch cover have very great improvement of soilmoisture,fertility,but it will cause soil temperature to reduce when the straw is covered, thus influencethe growth of the crop; In Qingshuihe county, the output of no tillage is lower than traditional tillageobviously, the soil organic matter is not so good as traditional tillage too. So the assessment of ecologysuitability of conservation tillage and result of the trial are unanimous similar.The economic feasibility of four areas is shown as: Mengjin is the best, Pengyang takes the secondplace, Zhangqiu takes the third place, Qingshuihe county is not suitable for adopting no tillage from theview of economy. Through no tillage with mulch cover in the first three areas, not only has improvedthe soil moisture and the efficiency of straw resources utilization, but also has increased income andeconomized on spending for peasants, no tillage reduces the process of the homework than thetraditional tillage, has saved mechanical homework expenditure and chemical fertilizer input, there isimprovement in output/input than traditional cultivation. But in the Qingshuihe county, input of thechemical fertilizer, workforce under traditional tillage is high, but crop output of traditional tillage is much higher than no tillage, so output/input is lower than traditional tillage.Considering the ecology suitability,economic feasibility and social acceptability of conservationtillage,Henan,Shandong and Ningxia are all suitable for adopting no tillage, the siutable degree inHenan is highest, Shandong taking the second place, Ningxia being the third,while Qingshuihe in InnerMongolia being not suitable for adopting no tillage because of the limitations ofnature,climate,geography condition, but if it combines the rational crop rotation system,on the basis ofno influencing for the output of crops, conservation tillage may help to water and soilconservation,which is worth further investigating and exploring, this subject is significant to improvethe soil erosion situation especially in the aridding cold area of our country. |
