Research In Status Quo Of Colonies And Origin And Taxonomic Status Of Gayal Based On Analysis Of Cytochrome B Gene And Alcohol Dehydrogenase Gene Sequences

Gayal(mithan or Bos frontalis)is a rare semi-domestic animal, whose origin and taxonomic status has been a puzzle hanging over the area of taxonomy, animal husbandry, and animal genetic resources. In China, gayals are distributing along the Dulong River, Nujiang River Basin in Yunnan Province and Menyu and Luoyu regions in Tibet Autonomous Region.Few reports have been published dealing with the gayal by structural gene. This paper aims to discuss and provide partial evidence on the status quo, origin and taxonomic status of gayal by cytochrome b gene and alcohol dehydrogenase gene sequences.1. The gained sequences were processed and analyzed with DNAMAN, Mega3.1 and DNAsp4.0 software. Through Mega3.1 software, some useful statistical data were obtained and the phylogenetic trees constructed by means of N-J, ME and MP.2. Cytb of 13 gayal individuals exhibits an A/T bias across all sites (A+T=57.1%) and A and C was most pronounced at the third position (44.6%+37.6%). Transition is higher than transversion. ADH did not exhibit such bias, while code usage appears bias in some degree (Exon 8).3. Though analysis on sequences and phylogenetic relationship, there were 3 types in gayal colony: Bos taurus type, Bos indicus type, Bos gaurus type. It is logical that gayal is a kind of Bos. However, no mater on molecular level, cellular level or protein, gayal is very different from Bos taurus, Bos indicus or Bos gaurus. Therefore, it is an independent species of Bos.4. Gayal is familiar with Bos gaurus in appearance, distribution and zoology, in addition to earlier study, maybe gayal has same female origin with Bos gaurus.5. Structures of the trees from three methods basically support the same topology. This indicates that the result is credible and cytb is a more useful marker in phylogenetic study at the generic and species level than ADH.