Studies On Degradation Reasons And Management Measures Of The Grassland System In Maqu County

The degradation of grassland restrict the development of word economy. In the resent years,with the development of grassland economy, the grassland degradation become greatly austerity.This situation become focus on more people. By surveying the situation of Maqu grassland andanalyzing the reasons of degradation, the management countermeasures were given.1 The grassland area is 39.3 millions hm~2 in China. It is 41% of chinese land area and about 4times than farm-land. Maqu county is lie in west-south of Gansu, China. The area is 96.05×10~4hm~2in the county. The grass resource is the excellent. There are 413 grass-breed in the county and about96.04% of all. And there are 12 best-herbage, 44 better-herbage, 68 medium-herbage, 115lower-herbage and 173 bad-herbage. The nature grassland is 96.05×10~4hm~2, and it is 89.5% ofMaqu county. Every people has 28.6 hm~2 grassland in the county. In resent years, about 90% naturegrassland degraded and deserted in different certain in Maqu county because of nature and artificialfactors. Grass losses is about 23565×10~4kg because of mouse. The number equals grass yield of4.31×10~4hm~2 grassland a year.2 The reasons of degradation include nature and artificial factors. But the nature factor is not themain reasons, because the changes for temperature and precipitation are not obviously. The artificialfactor plays a important role for it. For example, over-herbage, severe deforestation, government andscience reasons etc. The plant-covered dropped, living beings reduced, self-restrain water and theability of restraining water and land lowed after grassland degradation. The appearance ofriver-desert and lake-sear can be regarded as other nature factors.3 Based on these reasons of grassland degradation in Maqu county, some measures were given:dominating people action, alleviating these affection, building the synthesize project of ecologyanimal husbandry. Based on market and science, some measures were carried: carrying out scienceeducation, recovering and rebuilding grassland ecology system and changing the mode of increasing.In the base of modern time grassland, the different grassland resources and running modes should beused. The grassland is distributed to every family and run together to use it. In a word, some policiesto prevent the grassland degradation shoud be made out basing on nature, society and economy.