Study On Yield And Quality Of Long-ting P.Simonii Carr. With The Technique Of Dry Farming And Water Retention Covering

Different materials were carried out on the Long-ting P.Simonii Carr. orchard soil with diferrents cross patterns in Xintai. Loosen the soil as contrast,meteorological effects, soil water content, soil temperature, soil physical characteristic,soil fertility, transpiration rate of leaves and fruit quality of different mulching treatments were systematically determined, yield and economic benefits were also analyzed,the results showed by the research were as follows:1.Reflectivity was relevanced with the upper mulching cover,which with white veil were larger,and which with black veil were smaller,and covering with grass approached to the white veil's;the surface net radiation of different dry farming and water retention covering had obvious changes,but general change was identical.The daily average air temperature of each treatment was between 22.6℃-23.9℃,and which of wheatstraw mulch, siol with super absorbent polymer and wheatstraw and siol with super absorbent polymer treatments were lower;the relative air humidity of contrast, wheatstraw mulch, siol with super absorbent polymer and wheatstraw and siol with super absorbent polymer treatments were larger,which was relecance with the upper mulching cover, and was also close with soil water content.2.Different dry farming and water retention covering had affected to soil fertility,siol with super absorbent polymer had small effect to soil fertility,siol organic of white veil mulch,black veil mulch, siol with super absorbent polymer and white veil mulch , siol with super absorbent polymer and black veil mulch treatments had decreased 0.13%,0.14%,0.11%,0.1% than contrast respectively,which explained that covering with veil had lesening trend of soil organic; the average soil organic of wheatstraw mulch,white veil and wheatstraw dual mulch, black veil and wheatstraw dual mulch, wheatstraw and siol with super absorbent polymer dual mulch, wheatstraw and siol with super absorbent polymer and white veil multiple treatments and wheatstraw and siol with super absorbent polymer and black veil multiple treatments which covering with grass was higher than contrast 0.16%,available P and available K was increased by 1.29 mg/kg,8.63 mg/kg respectively.3.Different dry farming and water retention covering had improved soil physical characteristic. Soil physical characteristic of multiple treatments were best,the average soil bulk density and total soil prosity of wheatstraw and siol with super absorbent polymer and white veil multiple treatments and wheatstraw and siol with super absorbent polymer and black veil multiple treatments were 1.15g/cm3,54.9% respectively;and the nest was dual muches, which average soil bulk density was 1.22 g/cm3,mulch with grass was the best in single mulch.Multiple comparision of soil bulk density showed that each treatment had notable difference with contast, multiple treatments were better than dual treatments,and more better than single treatment.4.Different dry farming and water retention covering had better effectiveness of siol water content. Super absorbent polymer can adsorb soil runoff,mulch with grass can improve soil water-holding,mulch with veil can cut off moisture content evaporation, water storage and retention of multiple treatments was best;and the nest was dual treatments,single trestment was worse.The siol water of mulch with veil had run to suppercrust,the soil water of multiple treatments were higher in different depth. Because different mulching had different ability of water storage and retention ,the effect to siol water content in deeper levels was comparatively obvious.In spring,autumn and winter, water storage function of different dry farming and water retention covering were improved, multiple treatments were better than dual treatments,and more better than single treatment.5.Different dry farming and water retention covering can regulate soil temperature.In spring,soil temperature of mulching with grass were lower,and the variation was mild;mulching with veil can increase soil temperature, multiple treatments can retain suitable soil temperature,which was good for root system growth;in autumn,the daily average soil temperature of mulches with grass were higher than contrast, loose grass had stronger heat preservation effect.6. The diurnal variation of transpiration rate of each treatment was all single-peak,the relationship between transpiration rate and each influence factor was Stomatal conductanc, Photosynthetically active radiatio, Air temperaure,air relative humidity, Soil temperature. By means of stepping multi-regression analysis,disgovered that the partial regression of each influence factor was high than 0.900,and partial regression of Gs was higher than 0.916, Photosynthetically active radiatio and air temperaure also had influence to transpiration rate, air relative humidity had influence to transpiration rate of wheatstraw mulch, siol with super absorbent polymer and wheatstraw and siol with super absorbent polymer, in multiple-factor synthetical effection, soil temperature had small influence to transpiration rate.7.We did correlativity analysis with tatol sugar,siol water content,soil temperature,reflectance by SPSS software,the result showed that, tatol sugar was notable relevance with reflectance in 0.01 level(r=0.874), and other actors weren't.Each treatment improved soil physical characteristic, increased soil fertility,raised soil bioactivity, adjusted organism's habitual condition such as water,fertilizer,gas, fever and so on, so the yield of Long-ting P.Simonii Carr. was improved, the average yield of each treatment was 12027 kg/hm2 higher than the contrast,the average net income increaseed 21649yuan/hm2. We did correlativity analysis with tyield and siol water content,siol physical characteristic,soil temperature,soil fertility,reflectance by SPSS software, the result showed that,the yield of Long-ting P.Simonii Carr. was notable relevance with siol water content (r=0.836),soil bulk density(r=0.908)in 0.01 level,was relevance with available N(r=0.670), available P(r=0.591)in 0.05 level, and other actors weren't. Judging from economic benifits, siol with super absorbent polymer and wheatstraw and black veil multiple treatments > siol with super absorbent polymer and wheatstraw and white veil multiple treatments >wheatstraw and black veil dual mulch> wheatstraw and black veil dual mulch wheatstraw and white veil dual mulch>siol with super absorbent polymer and black veil dual mulch> siol with super absorbent polymer and white veil dual mulch>siol with super absorbent polymer and wheatstraw >black veil mulch>white veil mulch>wheatstraw mulch>siol with super absorbent polymer>contrast.We choosed six which were better than others from twelve treatments,that were siol with super absorbent polymer and wheatstraw and black plastic veil multiple treatments, siol with super absorbent polymer and wheatstraw and white plastic veil multiple treatments, black plastic veil and wheatstraw dual treatments, white plastic veil and wheatstraw dual treatments, siol with super absorbent polymer and black plastic veil dual treatments,siol with super absorbent polymer and white plastic veil dual treatments.