Molecular Marker Analysis And Salinity Tolerance Screen On Triticum Aestivum L.-Thinopyrum Bessarabicum L(?)ve Alien Chromosome Lines

To transfer the salinity tolerance gene(s) of Thinopyrum bessarabicum L(?)ve toTriticum aestivum L., five disomic additions and four translocations of Triticum aestivumc.v Chinese Spring-Th.bessarabicum were analysed by high-molecular weight gluteninsubunits (HMW-GS), sequence tagged sites(STS) of barley and wheat, restriction fragmentlength polymorphism(RFLP). The specific HMW-GS of Thinopyrum bessarabicum couldbe used to trace chromosome 1J, and 1J disomie addition was developed and identified byGISH. STS markers MWG2303(2HL), 7AAG(2BL), NAU/xibao15(6S) and RFLP probeBCD135(2L) could be used to tag Thinopyrum bessarabicum chromosomes added in CH05and CH11, the results of these markers also revealed this chromosome might have involvedrearrngement between 2J and 6J. STS markers MWG974(3HS), BCD269(3HL) and RFLPprobe PSR116(3L) could be used to trace the chromosomes added in CH09, which might begrouped into 3J. STS marker MWG808 (7HL) and RFLP probe PSR163 (4L) were used totrace the chromosomes added in CH03, CH04 and CH34, which might have involvedrearrangement between 4J and 7J. STS markers MWG939(4HL), ABG472(4HL),MWG522(5HL), ABG712(5HL), KsuH₉(2AL) and RFLP probe CDO669(4S), WG114(4L),PSR154(6L) all had a specific amplification or hybridization in Thinopyrum bessarabicumgenome, while no target DNA band were found in the tested alien chromosome lines. Thesemarkers could be used to screen new additions involved J chromosomes different from thepresent lines. A new STS marker Thb01 tracing chromosome 3J of Thinopyrumbessarabicum was aslo developed.Salinity tolerance screen at germination and seedling stage confirmed thatCS-Th.bessarabicum amphiploid conferred tolerance significantly different from ChineseSpring. Th.bessarabicum chromosomes added in wheat could enhance salinity tolerance ofwheat. In the tested lines, 3J disomic addition CH09 showed significant difference fromChinese Spring indicating 3J might have genes conrolling salinity tolerance at germinationstage treated with 300mmol/LNaCl for 2 weeks. Translocations CH11 showed significant difference from Chinses Spring at seedling stage stressed with 300mmol/LNaCl for 4weeks, indicating Th.bessarabicum chromosomes in CH11 might have genes controllingsalinity tolerance at seedling stage. Five additions and other translocations showed nodifference from Chinese Spring, but the average dry weight per plant of CH09 decreasedmuch lower than that of Chinese Spring, indicating 3J might have different genescontrolling salinity tolerance.Selected from the salt stressed seedlings, one disomic addion CH70 and three multipleadditions CH38, CH59and CH61 were developed. Of them, the multiple additions involved3J, 7J and 5J expressed tolerance similar to the amphiploid indicating salinity tolerancemight be controlled by several chromosomes of Th.bessarabicum.