Study On Ecology Compensation For The Cropland Coversion To Forest And Grassland

Since the 20th century, with the increase of population quantity of human being and the enhancement of productivity, the pressure of the human being for nature environment is far ahead the acceptance ability of the nature ecosystem, the problem of environment is serious gradually, threaten the existence and development of human being, force the human being find a sustainable development way that the economy, social, environmental and resource can be in harmony and can be able to satisfying the need of modern and not bring damage to descendant.The cropland conversion to forest and grassland (CCFG) is an unparalleled measure implemented by the state government to improve the increasingly exasperate environment. To ensure it's successfully implementation, the government established more compensation policies, for example the policy using food supplies as a form of relief and encourage the peasants who have living the area that the environment have deteriorated made the cropland conversion to forest from steep slopes. The CCFG have been carried out for more than seven years by 2006, but how do make after the end of compensation deadline? What standards are reasonable of the compensation and how the CCFG effects on the local farmer benefit? If the current economic compensation can offset their loss of benefits? This is the entire question we must keep close watch on.Based on forest, ecological, environmental economics, public economics and the experts study on the ecological benefits compensation, first of all we expound the basic theory of CCFG and analyze the foundation and essential. Secondly fully use for reference and absorbed the achievements and experience of CCFG from abroad, integrate the ecological benefits compensation policy of CCFG of our country, analyze the existing inadequate of compensation policy in our county. According to part of provinces and cities experimental of ecological benefits compensation, analyze the method of CCFG, including the analyze of compensation main body and object, confirm the compensation standards and fixed number of years, raise the financing, choose the compensation manner and propose some related measures. Finally analyze the farmer's feedback of compensation policy, losing and the influence of farmers and local economic in CCFG in Wu Qi County of Shaanxi province.Research results were as follows:(1) The project of CCFG has been gradually support by local farmers during seven years.(2) Because of the state subsidies is higher than cultivate, after the farmers join the project of CCFG, they will gained 306.2 yuan annual, and the surplus labor divert to the second and tertiary industries, the famers total income is increased than before.(3) After the project of CCFG, farmers choose high-yield crops and increase the input of planting, these making the area of sigle yield growth significantly.(4) Because of farmers change the methods of raise, then increased the costs, decline the quantity of the sheep. But other livestocks are rose dramatically, and these mainly used to their own, the farmers living standards is raise.