| The bleeding sap and leaves of different cold-resistance grape breeds and grafting combinations were examined to determine the occurrence date, volume and dissoluble matter content of bleeding sap, and content of proline, free-amino acid ,and soluable protein of grape leaves .and partial phenological phases and buds'germination were investigated ,too. This study revealed the difference of characteristics of physiology and biochemistry among different cold-resistance grape breeds. and screened the better cold-resistance grape breeds and rootstocks , providing information for the study on cold-resistance of grape breeds and cultivation. The research indicated:1.The bleeding saps of Red Globe grafted on rootstock LDP-294 and Fujiminori grafted on rootstock LDP-191 had earlier occurrence date, more quantity, and higher content of the soluble protein ,free-amino acid and proline than own-rooted seedlings. Among the rootstock varieties, Beta and Vitis piasezkii maxin var pagnucii♂had earlier bleeding occurrence time, more volume, and higher content of soluble protein ,free-amino acid and proline in bleeding sap. Pinot Noir in wine grapes, The results also showed that Red Globe grafted on LDP-294 and Fujiminori grafted on LDP-191 had stronger cold resistance; Beta , Vitis piasezkii maxin var pagnucii ,and ,the wine grape variety Pinot Noir too, We inferred that the occurrence date, volume and the contents of soluble protein ,free-amino acid and proline in bleeding sap had positive correlation with the cold resistance in burying soil overwintering areas.2.Through observation of different races in bury soil and conditions of germinating rate in different combinations, we found grape grafted on rootstocks of series LDP and rootstock LDP had high germinating rate. But rootstock Beta had almost 50%. The result indicated that individuals, without in bury soil overwintering area, maintained better physical condition. Individuals grafted on rootstocks, 101-14,520A,SO4, had less germinating rate(50%),we could get conclusion that individuals got seriously harm by cold weather. Through analysis of proline, soluble protein, free amino, acid indifferent races and combinations ,we found that contents of three indexes steady decreased, but races and combinations owning strong cold resistance had higher contents of three indexes than those owning lower cold resistance in early growth stage(from 10 May to 10 June). Contents of three indexes lied in low level, in middle grow period (from 10 June to 10 August) ,meanwhile we could not find any markedly regularity. We found that relationship between soluble protein and cold resistance was positive relevance in early and middle growth period.3. In early and middle growth period, contents of three indexes in red glob grafted on rootstocks, LDP-294 and Beta had higher level than those in own-rooted seedlings, and the combination (Red Globe/LDP-294) showed high cold resistance without in bury soil overwintering area in winter. Meanwhile, those in Fujiminori grafted on different rootstocks still showed same differentiation. The combinations ( Fujiminori / LDP-294) had higher contents of three indexes than Fujiminori own-rooted seedlings and showed better cold resistance without in bury soil overwintering area. Then contents of three indexes in combinations (Fujiminori/LN33,Kyhoh),had lower level than own-rooted seedlings. But contents of three indexes in three combinations(Italy Riesling \ Merlot Noir \ Cabernet Sauvignon \502A) had higher level than own-rooted seedlings, and still contained partial ability of seed-set, without in bury in soil overwintering area. Then own-rooted seedlings still need being in bury soli overwintering area to overcome winter. In experiment, three indexes in eight rootstocks had less differentiation, 101-14 was the lower, LDP-19,LPP-309,LPD-220 and LDD-294 had the higher contents of three indexes and higher cold resistance without in bury soli overwintering area to overcome winter.
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