Research And Development Of Mobile Jetting Machine For Soil Pests And Diseases

Chemical insecticide is widely used to control various pests of crops and it is the most important measures to ensure agricultural productivity increasing. The spraying mechanism is the main tool to apply pesticide. As the soil pests live in the soil depths, the pesticide spraying by ordinary sprayer can't enter into soil, It is very difficult to get rid of them. The traditional manual controlling methods and manual mechanism are still used to control soil pests and diseases in china which is very inefficient and it is easily to make operator poison and intensity. So it is very necessary to study and design efficient spraying machine for soil pests and diseases.The main task of the research and design is consisted of five section as follows:(1) Referring to other sprayer, designing the machine structure. It includes power system, system of transmission, the devices of compression and delivery system of controlling spraying and spraying(2) Designing the spraying controlling system based on electromechanical integration technology. Designing the parameters of the Time Relay which can make the machine work in accordance with the spacing of crops and it realized that mechanism sprayed at the rhizosphere and stop at the free of crops.(3) By dynamic analysis , it is clear that injection spraying is not suitable for this machine. So the system of spraying adopt jetting spraying and the structure of it was designed.(4) Designing the structure of the transmission system : spraying system and the device of the installation .(5) Analysising the process of liquid moving in theory. Deducing the equation of displacement and speed, and calculating the parameters of liquid moving in soil. Confirming the influencing factor of the spray penetration. The influencing tendency was deduced. The system running test showed that the spraying machine and all of system was operating normally. Operators only keyed on the power switch, adjusted the parameters of the time relay and started moving tractor, the spraying machine would work. It can release much labors of work and solve the problem of direct contacting with the pesticide for operator. The machine met the requirements and achieved the objectives of design.The results of spraying test showed that when diaphragm pump operated at low-speed with the flux smaller, the spray penetration is smaller. Nozzle diameter, the height of nozzle above ground, and soil hardness are not significant for spray penetration; When diaphragm pump operated at higher speed with greater flux, spray penetration noticeably increased, at this time the impact of pressure is significantly, the height of nozzle above ground and soil hardness has no inapparent effect; When the Spraying volume was 5 ml, the The optimal combination of the experiment was the pressure of 2.5 MPa, the original soil, the nozzle diameter of 1.0 mm and the nozzle height above ground of 50 mm. When the spraying volume was 15 ml, he The optimal combination of the experiment was the pressure of 2.5 MPa, the nozzle height above ground of 100 mm and carification. Therefore, the machine is suitable to work at high speed of diaphragm pump with the greater flux, the spraying penetration can be adjusted by regulating pressure of diaphragm pump.