| The sweet potatoes is not only the important food crops in agricultural practice, but also one of the important industrial crops, so it is the basic aim for the industrial development to improve the yield and quality of the sweet potatoes. Basing on the dry chip percentage (DCP) and the yield, 12 materials was divided into 9 groups according to the two indexes in 3 grades of high-, mid- and low- level, and was planted by the ways of random complete block design. The dry matter's accumulating process and distributing mechanism of the sweet potatoes were investigated, the results were as follows.1. The relationship between the plant's growth of different types of DCP sweet potatoes and the dry matter's accumulationThe experiment result showed that the DCP was negatively correlative to the growth indexes of the sweet potatoes, describe in detail as following: the correlation coefficient of the DCP and the LAI, the total stem length, the stipites and the weight of the plant tree were much significant; and that of the DCP and the branches' amount was significant; but that of the DCP and stem diameter was not significant. The different types of DCP sweet potatoes all grew excessively during the mid- and late phases, and that the more excessive growth of the branches and leaves was, the lower DCP was, among the indexes, the LAI, the stipites and the weight of the plant tree had the most outstanding effect on the DCP.2. The relationship between the root tubers' characters of different types of DCP sweet potatoes and the dry matter's accumulationThe experiment result showed that the DCP was negatively correlative to the number of root tubers, economical coefficient or the yield, and reached much significant level; it was also negatively correlative to the R/T value, but reached significant level. The number of the root tubers, economical coefficient or the yield had the most outstanding effect on the DCP of the root tubers, while the R/T value might reduce the DCP of the root tubers.3. The relationship between the physiological indexes of different types of DCP sweet potatoes and the dry matter's accumulationThe experiment result showed that the DCP was highly positively correlative to the activity of theβ-amylase, and was positively correlative to the activity of Q-enzyme, but didn't reached significant level; while it was negatively correlative to the chlorophyll contents, the K2O/N of the stems and leaves, and the activity of the ATPase's activity, but didn't reached significant level. Theβ-amylase activity could outstanding increase the DCP of the root tubers, while the chlorophyll contents, the K2O/N of the stems and leaves, and the activity of the ATPase might reduce the DCP of the root tubers.4. The relationship between the plant tree's growth of different types of yield sweet potatoes and the dry matter's accumulationThe experiment result showed that the yield was highly negatively correlative to the LAI, the total stem length, the stipites, the number of the branches, or the weight of the stems and leaves. The different types of yield sweet potatoes all grew excessively during the mid- and late phases, and that the more excessive growth of the stems and leaves was, the more yield was. The LAI, the stem length, the stipites, the number of the branches, or the weight of the branches and leaves could greatly increase the yield of the sweet potatoes.5. The relationship between the root tubers' characters of different types of yield sweet potatoes and the dry matter's accumulationThe experiment result showed that the yield was highly positively correlative to the R/T value or economical coefficient; while it was negatively correlative to the number of the root tubers, reached significant level; but it was highly positively correlative to the DCP of the root tubers. The R/T value and the economical coefficient could outstanding increase the yield of the sweet potatoes, while the number of the root tubers might increase the storage capacity of the sweet potatoes and that made the yield increase; more over, the DCP increasing had the most effect on the yield reducing.6. The relationship between the physiological indexes of different types of yield sweet potatoes and the dry matter's accumulationThe experiment result showed that the yield was highly negatively correlative to the activity of theβ-amylase, and was significantly negatively correlative to the activity of Q-enzyme; while it was not significantly correlative to the activity of the ATPase activity, the chlorophyll contents, and the K2O/N of the stems and leaves. The increasing of the activities ofβ-amylase and Q-enzyme could make the yield decrease, in which the activity of theβ-amylase had the most effect on the yield reducing.7. The relationship between agronomic characters and the physiological indexes and the breed's choiceThe experiment result showed that the further growing of the branches and leaves was propitious to increase the yield of the sweet potatoes. The sweet potatoes which had lower activity of theβ-amylase and the DCP was easy to attain high yield, the number of the root tubers adding made it easy to improve the yield of the sweet potatoes.The excessive growth of the branches and leaves was disadvantage to the increasing the DCP of the root tubers, that is to say the more excessive growth of the branches and leaves was, the lower DCP was. The activity of the P-amylase might regard as an important positive index for the DCP of the root tubers; while the R/T value, the economical coefficient or the number of the root tubers might regard as important negative indexes for the yield of the root tubers. |
